Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe gemmipara |
|
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little purple monkeyflower, purple monkeyflower |
Rocky Mountain or petiole-purse monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 3–10 cm, minutely puberulent. |
erect, straight at nodes, simple, 1–10 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to lanceolate, 4–15 × 1–5 mm, base truncate to truncate-cordate, clasping, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent. |
cauline; petiole 2–3 mm, laterally compressed, base deeply saccate, usually containing a lenticular propagule; blade emerging from bulbils, palmately veined, elliptic-ovate to ovate, 2–8(–10) × 2–5(–7) mm, base truncate to shallowly cordate, margins entire or remotely denticulate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–22, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, (1 or)2–12, from medial or medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | pink to purple, adaxial limb darker than abaxial, abaxial limb with yellow markings, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to funnelform, 7–13 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–10 mm, bilabiate, 3 abaxial lobes notched, 2 adaxial nearly entire, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
yellow, palate yellow, not spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat broadly cylindric-funnelform, 3–4 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes subequal, oblong-obovate, throat open, palate puberulent, abaxial ridges low. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to often spreading horizontally, 13–57(–70) mm. |
4–6 mm, slightly longer than calyx, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | becoming reddish, campanulate, 3–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, minutely puberulent, ribs thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, margins glabrous. |
strongly angled, subcampanulate, weakly inflated, 3–4 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, lobes pronounced, erect, incurved-triangular. |
Capsules | included, 3–8 mm. |
unknown. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe gemmipara |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Moist openings along streams, swales, and depressions, pine duff in yellow pine forests, margins of dry meadows. | Granitic seeps, thin soils over bedrock cliff bases, crevices, ledges, talus, among rocks and boulders, Douglas fir, spruce-fir, and aspen forests. |
Elevation | 1900–2800 m. (6200–9200 ft.) | 2600–3700 m. (8500–12100 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CO |
Discussion | Erythranthe purpurea is restricted to the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino County and is disjunct in the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California, Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe gemmipara is known only from Grand, Jefferson, Larimer, and Park counties in north-central Colorado. Flowers in this species are uncommon, and seed set has not been observed in natural populations; reproduction in nature appears to be solely asexual via overwintering propagules (bulbils) formed in leaf axils. Two meristems are initiated in each axil. The proximal meristem produces a pair of starch-thickened storage leaves, a rudimentary axis, and a distal pair of preformed leaf primordia that enclose the shoot apical meristem. Root primordia are present within the first node of the bulbil. The petiole of the subtending leaf expands laterally and folds adaxially to enclose the developing bulbil, and entangled trichomes along the petiole margins secure it following leaf abscission and dispersal. The leaf blades commonly are deciduous, leaving the bulbil still attached (M. R. Beardsley 1997). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 388. | FNA vol. 17, p. 395. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus purpureus, M. purpureus var. pauxillus | Mimulus gemmiparus |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (W. A. Weber) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) |
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