Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe calciphila |
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little purple monkeyflower, purple monkeyflower |
Mexican moss monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Annuals, usually fibrous-rooted, rarely rooting at proximal nodes. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 3–10 cm, minutely puberulent. |
erect, sometimes decumbent-ascending, branched, 4–30 cm, minutely stipitate-glandular, also delicately villosulous-glandular along whole length. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to lanceolate, 4–15 × 1–5 mm, base truncate to truncate-cordate, clasping, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent. |
basal and cauline; petiole 1–3 mm, cauline blade slightly or hardly reduced in size from basal, becoming subsessile to sessile (1–3 pairs of cauline leaves); blade palmately 3(–5)-veined, orbicular-ovate to oblong-ovate, 7–28 × 5–22 mm, base truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins shallowly dentate to denticulate, teeth 3–6 per side, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces villous, hairs thin-walled, vitreous, eglandular or minutely gland-tipped, usually also minutely stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–22, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 1–6(–10), axillary at all nodes, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | pink to purple, adaxial limb darker than abaxial, abaxial limb with yellow markings, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to funnelform, 7–13 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–10 mm, bilabiate, 3 abaxial lobes notched, 2 adaxial nearly entire, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
light yellow, red-spotted, weakly bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly funnelform, 5–7 mm, exserted 1–2 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 2–4 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to often spreading horizontally, 13–57(–70) mm. |
15–30(–55) mm, minutely stipitate-glandular, sometimes minutely hirtellous and minutely stipitate-glandular, sometimes short glandular-villous. |
Fruiting calyces | becoming reddish, campanulate, 3–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, minutely puberulent, ribs thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, margins glabrous. |
nodding 90º at maturity, usually 3(–5)-veined, ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 6–10 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular, throat closing, lobes usually 3 or 3 and 5 on same plant, if 5 then with 2 interpolated lobes much smaller than abaxial pair. |
Capsules | included, 3–8 mm. |
included, 2–4 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 30, 32. |
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Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe calciphila |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Sep(–Nov). |
Habitat | Moist openings along streams, swales, and depressions, pine duff in yellow pine forests, margins of dry meadows. | Rocky knobs, moist boulders, wet rock faces, roadcuts, seepages, springs, with moss, usually in pine or pine-oak woods. |
Elevation | 1900–2800 m. (6200–9200 ft.) | 1800–2500 m. (5900–8200 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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AZ; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora) |
Discussion | Erythranthe purpurea is restricted to the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino County and is disjunct in the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California, Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe calciphila is recognized by its annual duration (fibrous-rooted), short, erect stems with few, even-sized leaves (the basal often persistent), delicate stipitate-glandular vestiture, three-lobed calyces that are relatively large in fruit, small corollas, and autogamous reproduction. Plants rarely root at proximal nodes. In Arizona, at the northernmost extremity of its range, E. calciphila occurs in the Chiricahua, Huachuca, and Mule mountains of Cochise County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 388. | FNA vol. 17, p. 424. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus purpureus, M. purpureus var. pauxillus | Mimulus calciphilus, M. minutiflorus |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Gentry) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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