Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe arenicola |
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little purple monkeyflower, purple monkeyflower |
beach monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or slender-taprooted, rarely rooting at nodes. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 3–10 cm, minutely puberulent. |
erect, rarely prostrate to prostrate-ascending, few-branched, 3–17 cm, moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to lanceolate, 4–15 × 1–5 mm, base truncate to truncate-cordate, clasping, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent. |
basal and cauline; petiole: basal 2–8 mm or mid and distals absent; blade palmately 3–5-veined, suborbicular to broadly ovate or depressed-ovate, 5–17 × 6–15 mm, base truncate or truncate-cuneate to subcordate, margins subentire or crenulate, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–22, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–6, at distal nodes, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
hirtellous. |
Corollas | pink to purple, adaxial limb darker than abaxial, abaxial limb with yellow markings, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to funnelform, 7–13 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–10 mm, bilabiate, 3 abaxial lobes notched, 2 adaxial nearly entire, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 11–20 mm, exserted 4–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–18 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to often spreading horizontally, 13–57(–70) mm. |
9–17 mm, moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | becoming reddish, campanulate, 3–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, minutely puberulent, ribs thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, margins glabrous. |
nodding, ovoid-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 9–16 mm, moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 3–8 mm. |
included, 5–12 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe arenicola |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Aug. |
Habitat | Moist openings along streams, swales, and depressions, pine duff in yellow pine forests, margins of dry meadows. | Sandy beaches, especially in moist hollows among dunes, sea cliff bases, chaparral near beaches, mudstone outcrops. |
Elevation | 1900–2800 m. (6200–9200 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA |
Discussion | Erythranthe purpurea is restricted to the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino County and is disjunct in the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California, Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
F. W. Pennell (1947, 1951) considered Erythranthe arenicola an endemic of Monterey County, but plants from adjacent San Luis Obispo and Santa Cruz counties also belong here. Most of the localities are at seaside, but some are more than a mile inland. Erythranthe arenicola is hypothesized here to be a derivative of E. guttata or E. grandis, retaining the herkogamous breeding system of its putative ancestor but reduced in size and duration. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 388. | FNA vol. 17, p. 412. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus purpureus, M. purpureus var. pauxillus | Mimulus guttatus subsp. arenicola |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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