Erythranthe primuloides |
Erythranthe thermalis |
|
---|---|---|
primrose monkey-flower |
Yellowstone monkeyflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous or stoloniferous, mat-forming, rhizomes or stolons flagelliform. | Annuals, taprooted, rarely with a basal, runnerlike stem. |
Stems | erect to ascending, usually simple, 2–10(–20) cm, villous, internodes shortened. |
erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 1.5–10(–15) cm, villous-glandular proximally, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular distally. |
Leaves | all basal or near basal, often rosulate; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate, 7–40 × 4–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire, distally denticulate to dentate, or sharply serrate-dentate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial glabrous or glabrate to sparsely to densely long-villous, eglandular. |
basal and cauline, cauline 2–5 pairs; petiole: basal and proximal cauline 3–20 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, suborbicular to ovate, depressed-ovate, ovate-deltate, or reniform, 4–15(–20) × 4–20 mm, base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, margins evenly crenate-dentate to subentire, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1. |
plesiogamous, 1–5(–9), usually at distal nodes, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow to orange-yellow, usually brown-spotted abaxially, base of each abaxial lobe usually with a larger reddish brown spot, bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or nearly regular, densely hirsute on abaxial side of opening; tube-throat narrowly campanulate, 15–20 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes broadly obovate-oblong, apex rounded- or truncate-notched, throat open, palate densely villous, abaxial ridges prominent. |
yellow, red-dotted or not, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted 1–2 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 12–15 mm, throat open, palate villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | 30–110(–130) mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular near base. |
7–12 mm, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular. |
Fruiting calyces | tubular-campanulate, weakly or not inflated, 6–8 mm, glabrous. |
ovate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–11 mm, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular, throat closing, adaxial lobe longer than others. |
Capsules | included, 6–7 mm. |
included, 5–6 mm. |
Anthers | slightly exserted, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 34. |
= 28. |
Erythranthe primuloides |
Erythranthe thermalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Aug. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, seeps, streamsides. | Hot, shallow, quick-drying soils around thermal pools and vents. |
Elevation | 600–3400 m. (2000–11200 ft.) | 2200–2600 m. (7200–8500 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA
|
WY |
Discussion | Flowers in Erythranthe primuloides and E. linearifolia characteristically appear to be scapose, but the scapes are pedicels arising from axils of greatly foreshortened stems. Occasionally in both species the internodes may lengthen somewhat, and the leaves are not so densely clustered at the base of the stems. In northern Klamath, western Deschutes, and eastern Douglas counties, Oregon, an area within the range of typical populations, Erythranthe primuloides has distinctively large corollas (limbs 10–15 mm wide). Apparent clones of large-flowered and smaller-flowered plants sometimes grow in close proximity or even intermixed, appearing as two different entities. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe thermalis is endemic to Yellowstone National Park in northwestern Wyoming. The species is recognized by its annual duration (without rhizomes), reduced stature and leaf size, and short, but broad-limbed, corollas with autogamous fertilization. Typical E. guttata (rhizomatous, herkogamous) also grows in the immediately surrounding areas but apparently not in hot soils. Each species maintains distinctions in growth form, phenology and mating system in common garden experiments (Y. Lekberg et al. 2012). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 389. | FNA vol. 17, p. 413. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus primuloides, M. nevadensis, M. pilosellus, M. primuloides var. minimus, M. primuloides var. pilosellus | Mimulus thermalis |
Name authority | (Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (A. Nelson) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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