Erythranthe primuloides |
Erythranthe glaucescens |
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primrose monkey-flower |
shield-bract monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous or stoloniferous, mat-forming, rhizomes or stolons flagelliform. | Annuals, slender-taprooted or fibrous-rooted, rarely with runners from basal nodes. |
Stems | erect to ascending, usually simple, 2–10(–20) cm, villous, internodes shortened. |
erect, simple or branched, terete, sometimes 4-angled distally, (5–)30–60(–80) cm, glabrous, glaucous. |
Leaves | all basal or near basal, often rosulate; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate, 7–40 × 4–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire, distally denticulate to dentate, or sharply serrate-dentate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial glabrous or glabrate to sparsely to densely long-villous, eglandular. |
basal and cauline; petiole: basal and proximal cauline as long as or much longer than blade, slender, sometimes pubescent or villous, distals absent; blade palmately 3–5-veined, (proximal) ovate to ovate-elliptic or orbicular-ovate, sometimes subcordate, 10–50 mm, midcauline to distal orbicular, 5–45 mm wide, distinctly connate-perfoliate, disclike distally, base rounded to subcordate, margins: proximals denticulate to dentate or coarsely, irregularly toothed, sometimes lobed at base, distals nearly entire or toothed, teeth scattered, small, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous, glaucous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1. |
herkogamous, 1–16, from distal nodes, sometimes from nearly all, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
minutely hirtellous-puberulent. |
Corollas | yellow to orange-yellow, usually brown-spotted abaxially, base of each abaxial lobe usually with a larger reddish brown spot, bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or nearly regular, densely hirsute on abaxial side of opening; tube-throat narrowly campanulate, 15–20 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes broadly obovate-oblong, apex rounded- or truncate-notched, throat open, palate densely villous, abaxial ridges prominent. |
yellow, sometimes with a median splotch, abaxial limb densely dark yellow, others much lighter, throat floor and tube red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 12–23 mm, exserted 4–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 14–36 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | 30–110(–130) mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular near base. |
10–50 mm, glabrous, glaucous. |
Fruiting calyces | tubular-campanulate, weakly or not inflated, 6–8 mm, glabrous. |
broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–16 mm, glabrous, glaucous, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 6–7 mm. |
included, 5–11 mm. |
Anthers | slightly exserted, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 34. |
= 28. |
Erythranthe primuloides |
Erythranthe glaucescens |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–May(–Jun). |
Habitat | Wet meadows, seeps, streamsides. | Seepage areas, wet rocks, moist cliffs, pool edges, gravelly stream banks, serpentine outcrops, roadsides and roadcuts, low pastures, riparian woodlands, blue oak woodlands, chaparral, grasslands. |
Elevation | 600–3400 m. (2000–11200 ft.) | 80–900(–1100) m. (300–3000(–3600) ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA
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CA
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Discussion | Flowers in Erythranthe primuloides and E. linearifolia characteristically appear to be scapose, but the scapes are pedicels arising from axils of greatly foreshortened stems. Occasionally in both species the internodes may lengthen somewhat, and the leaves are not so densely clustered at the base of the stems. In northern Klamath, western Deschutes, and eastern Douglas counties, Oregon, an area within the range of typical populations, Erythranthe primuloides has distinctively large corollas (limbs 10–15 mm wide). Apparent clones of large-flowered and smaller-flowered plants sometimes grow in close proximity or even intermixed, appearing as two different entities. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plants from one locality in Butte County are unusual in producing filiform, small-leaved runners from basal cauline nodes. Erythranthe glaucescens is known only from Butte and Tehama counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 389. | FNA vol. 17, p. 417. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus primuloides, M. nevadensis, M. pilosellus, M. primuloides var. minimus, M. primuloides var. pilosellus | Mimulus glaucescens, M. guttatus var. glaucescens |
Name authority | (Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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