Erythranthe primuloides |
Erythranthe gemmipara |
|
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primrose monkey-flower |
Rocky Mountain or petiole-purse monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous or stoloniferous, mat-forming, rhizomes or stolons flagelliform. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | erect to ascending, usually simple, 2–10(–20) cm, villous, internodes shortened. |
erect, straight at nodes, simple, 1–10 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | all basal or near basal, often rosulate; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate, 7–40 × 4–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire, distally denticulate to dentate, or sharply serrate-dentate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial glabrous or glabrate to sparsely to densely long-villous, eglandular. |
cauline; petiole 2–3 mm, laterally compressed, base deeply saccate, usually containing a lenticular propagule; blade emerging from bulbils, palmately veined, elliptic-ovate to ovate, 2–8(–10) × 2–5(–7) mm, base truncate to shallowly cordate, margins entire or remotely denticulate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1. |
herkogamous, (1 or)2–12, from medial or medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow to orange-yellow, usually brown-spotted abaxially, base of each abaxial lobe usually with a larger reddish brown spot, bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or nearly regular, densely hirsute on abaxial side of opening; tube-throat narrowly campanulate, 15–20 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes broadly obovate-oblong, apex rounded- or truncate-notched, throat open, palate densely villous, abaxial ridges prominent. |
yellow, palate yellow, not spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat broadly cylindric-funnelform, 3–4 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes subequal, oblong-obovate, throat open, palate puberulent, abaxial ridges low. |
Fruiting pedicels | 30–110(–130) mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular near base. |
4–6 mm, slightly longer than calyx, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | tubular-campanulate, weakly or not inflated, 6–8 mm, glabrous. |
strongly angled, subcampanulate, weakly inflated, 3–4 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, lobes pronounced, erect, incurved-triangular. |
Capsules | included, 6–7 mm. |
unknown. |
Anthers | slightly exserted, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 34. |
= 16. |
Erythranthe primuloides |
Erythranthe gemmipara |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Wet meadows, seeps, streamsides. | Granitic seeps, thin soils over bedrock cliff bases, crevices, ledges, talus, among rocks and boulders, Douglas fir, spruce-fir, and aspen forests. |
Elevation | 600–3400 m. (2000–11200 ft.) | 2600–3700 m. (8500–12100 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA
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CO |
Discussion | Flowers in Erythranthe primuloides and E. linearifolia characteristically appear to be scapose, but the scapes are pedicels arising from axils of greatly foreshortened stems. Occasionally in both species the internodes may lengthen somewhat, and the leaves are not so densely clustered at the base of the stems. In northern Klamath, western Deschutes, and eastern Douglas counties, Oregon, an area within the range of typical populations, Erythranthe primuloides has distinctively large corollas (limbs 10–15 mm wide). Apparent clones of large-flowered and smaller-flowered plants sometimes grow in close proximity or even intermixed, appearing as two different entities. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe gemmipara is known only from Grand, Jefferson, Larimer, and Park counties in north-central Colorado. Flowers in this species are uncommon, and seed set has not been observed in natural populations; reproduction in nature appears to be solely asexual via overwintering propagules (bulbils) formed in leaf axils. Two meristems are initiated in each axil. The proximal meristem produces a pair of starch-thickened storage leaves, a rudimentary axis, and a distal pair of preformed leaf primordia that enclose the shoot apical meristem. Root primordia are present within the first node of the bulbil. The petiole of the subtending leaf expands laterally and folds adaxially to enclose the developing bulbil, and entangled trichomes along the petiole margins secure it following leaf abscission and dispersal. The leaf blades commonly are deciduous, leaving the bulbil still attached (M. R. Beardsley 1997). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 389. | FNA vol. 17, p. 395. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus primuloides, M. nevadensis, M. pilosellus, M. primuloides var. minimus, M. primuloides var. pilosellus | Mimulus gemmiparus |
Name authority | (Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (W. A. Weber) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) |
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