Flora of North America species comparison

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Erythranthe primuloides

Erythranthe arenaria

primrose monkey-flower

sand-loving monkeyflower
Habit Perennials, rhizomatous or stoloniferous, mat-forming, rhizomes or stolons flagelliform. Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.
Stems

erect to ascending, usually simple, 2–10(–20) cm, villous, internodes shortened.

erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, simple or branched, 5–20 cm, villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped.
Leaves

all basal or near basal, often rosulate;

petiole 0 mm;

blade palmately 3-veined, oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate, 7–40 × 4–12 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins entire, distally denticulate to dentate, or sharply serrate-dentate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial glabrous or glabrate to sparsely to densely long-villous, eglandular.

basal and cauline;

petiole 0 mm or proximals 1–3(–5) mm;

blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 5–12(–17) × 3–7 mm, base rounded to cuneate-attenuate, margins entire or sparsely dentate to serrate, apex acuminate to acute or obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped.
Flowers

herkogamous, 1.

herkogamous, 1–22, from proximal to distal nodes.
Styles

glabrous.

glabrous.
Corollas

yellow to orange-yellow, usually brown-spotted abaxially, base of each abaxial lobe usually with a larger reddish brown spot, bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or nearly regular, densely hirsute on abaxial side of opening;

tube-throat narrowly campanulate, 15–20 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

lobes broadly obovate-oblong, apex rounded- or truncate-notched, throat open, palate densely villous, abaxial ridges prominent.

yellow, abaxial limb red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, 9–12(–14) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded.
Fruiting pedicels

30–110(–130) mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular near base.

divergent-arcuate, 10–23 mm, villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped.
Fruiting calyces

tubular-campanulate, weakly or not inflated, 6–8 mm, glabrous.

usually red-dotted, narrowly campanulate, not or weakly inflated, 5–7(–9) mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs angled, lobes pronounced, erect.
Capsules

included, 6–7 mm.

included, 4–7 mm.
Anthers

slightly exserted, margins ciliate, glabrous.

included, glabrous.
2n

= 34.

= 32.

Erythranthe primuloides

Erythranthe arenaria
Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering May–Sep.
Habitat Wet meadows, seeps, streamsides. Sandy flats, bars, gullies, washes, trails, roadcuts, seasonal creek beds and drainages, rocky slopes, seepy loam, ditches, lake edges, meadows, openings in pine-fir and pine-oak woodlands.
Elevation 600–3400 m. (2000–11200 ft.) (100–)500–2600(–2800) m. ((300–)1600–8500(–9200) ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Flowers in Erythranthe primuloides and E. linearifolia characteristically appear to be scapose, but the scapes are pedicels arising from axils of greatly foreshortened stems. Occasionally in both species the internodes may lengthen somewhat, and the leaves are not so densely clustered at the base of the stems.

In northern Klamath, western Deschutes, and eastern Douglas counties, Oregon, an area within the range of typical populations, Erythranthe primuloides has distinctively large corollas (limbs 10–15 mm wide). Apparent clones of large-flowered and smaller-flowered plants sometimes grow in close proximity or even intermixed, appearing as two different entities.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe arenaria is known from a cluster of six counties of the central Sierra Nevada: Fresno, Madera, Mariposa, Merced, Tulare, and Tuolumne.

Most plants of Erythranthe arenaria have relatively even-sized cauline leaves, all sessile to proximally subsessile. Plants in the Yosemite area with persistent basal leaves that are short-petiolate, ovate with a cuneate base, and relatively larger than the more distal cauline ones, and possibly related to E. arenaria, have been named M. floribundus var. subulatus. These might be construed as showing the influence of E. geniculata, but that species occurs only at the lower range of elevation of E. arenaria, while plants referable to Mimulus floribundus var. subulatus occur at least to 2300 m and also have the erect habit characteristic of E. arenaria. These variants should be investigated, especially in the Yosemite area where they appear to be relatively common, with the possibility that they indeed represent a distinct entity.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 389. FNA vol. 17, p. 403.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Erythranthe Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms Mimulus primuloides, M. nevadensis, M. pilosellus, M. primuloides var. minimus, M. primuloides var. pilosellus Mimulus arenarius, M. floribundus var. subulatus, M. multiflorus, M. subulatus, M. trisulcatus
Name authority (Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) (A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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