Erythranthe patula |
Erythranthe verbenacea |
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stalk-leaf monkey-flower |
crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro |
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Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, usually simple, (3–)5–15(–24) cm, stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.5 mm, gland-tipped. |
erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole (5–)8–25 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, deltate or ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–12(–17) × 3–10(–14) mm, base rounded to cuneate-truncate, margins usually denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.5 mm, gland-tipped. |
cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–10, from proximal to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, abaxial limb usually with a few red or brownish dots, radially or bilaterally symmetric, regular or weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 7–8 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes oblong, apex rounded to truncate. |
crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | 10–25(–38) mm, stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.5 mm, gland-tipped. |
45–90(–150) mm. |
Fruiting calyces | tubular, weakly or not inflated, 5–6(–7) mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely stipitate-glandular to sparsely hirtellous, lobes pronounced, erect. |
campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular. |
Capsules | included, 4–6 mm. |
included, 15–22 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º. |
2n | = 32. |
= 16. |
Erythranthe patula |
Erythranthe verbenacea |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–May(–Aug). | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Ephemeral seeps, springs, rocky stream banks, moist basalt, fine gravel on bedrock, muddy hillside seeps, crevices. | Stream edges and beds, flood plains, around seeps and springs, canyon bottoms, moist cliff crevices and ledges. |
Elevation | 200–1900(–2900) m. (700–6200(–9500) ft.) | 300–2600 m. (1000–8500 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; MT; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC
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AZ; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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Discussion | Erythranthe patula is distinctive with its long-petiolate leaves with ovate blades and its small, weakly bilabiate to nearly radially symmetric corollas. Vestiture may include only minute, stipitate-glandular hairs or it may be an intergrading mix of stipitate-glandular hairs and minute (0.1–0.2 mm), sharp-pointed, eglandular hairs. Plants may have stipitate-glandular pedicels and calyces but hirtellous, eglandular stems, or they may have stipitate-glandular stems and pedicels but hirtellous calyces. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry. Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens. In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area. Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 397. | FNA vol. 17, p. 394. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus patulus | Mimulus verbenaceus, M. cardinalis var. verbenaceus, M. lugens |
Name authority | (Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) |
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