Flora of North America species comparison

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Erythranthe patula

Erythranthe guttata

stalk-leaf monkey-flower

common monkey-flower, seep monkey-flower, yellow monkey-flower
Habit Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes rooting at proximal nodes.
Stems

erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, usually simple, (3–)5–15(–24) cm, stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.5 mm, gland-tipped.

erect to ascending-erect, branched distally, sometimes fistulose, to 10 mm wide, pressed, (6–)15–65(–80) cm, villous-glandular or moderately to densely hirtellous, hairs eglandular or glandular and eglandular.
Leaves

cauline, basal not persistent;

petiole (5–)8–25 mm;

blade palmately 3-veined, deltate or ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–12(–17) × 3–10(–14) mm, base rounded to cuneate-truncate, margins usually denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.5 mm, gland-tipped.

basal and cauline or basal not persistent;

petiole 0 mm or proximals 1–95 mm;

blade subpinnately, sometimes palmately, 5–7-veined, ovate-elliptic to ovate or suborbicular, 4–125 mm, 1–2 times longer than wide, gradually or abruptly reduced in size distally, base rounded to cuneate to truncate, margins crenate to coarsely dentate, proximally shallowly toothed to irregularly small-lobed or lyrate-dissected, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces glabrous.
Flowers

herkogamous, 1–10, from proximal to distal nodes.

herkogamous, (1–)3–20(–28), from distal nodes, sometimes in relatively compact racemes with reduced bracts.
Styles

glabrous.

minutely hirsutulous to villosulous.
Corollas

yellow, abaxial limb usually with a few red or brownish dots, radially or bilaterally symmetric, regular or weakly bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, 7–8 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

lobes oblong, apex rounded to truncate.

yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, (10–)12–20 mm, exserted 3–5 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 12–24 mm.
Fruiting pedicels

10–25(–38) mm, stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.5 mm, gland-tipped.

15–40(–60) mm, villous-glandular or moderately to densely hirtellous, hairs eglandular or glandular and eglandular.
Fruiting calyces

tubular, weakly or not inflated, 5–6(–7) mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely stipitate-glandular to sparsely hirtellous, lobes pronounced, erect.

nodding, usually without red markings, ovate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 11–17(–20) mm, villous-glandular or moderately to densely hirtellous, hairs eglandular or glandular and eglandular, throat closing.
Capsules

included, 4–6 mm.

included, 7–11(–12) mm.
Anthers

included, glabrous.

included, glabrous.
2n

= 32.

= 28, 56.

Erythranthe patula

Erythranthe guttata
Phenology Flowering Apr–May(–Aug). Flowering Apr–Sep.
Habitat Ephemeral seeps, springs, rocky stream banks, moist basalt, fine gravel on bedrock, muddy hillside seeps, crevices. Springs and seeps, marshes, beaver dams, along rivers, streams, and irrigation canals, loamy soils in conifer forests, wet and damp meadows, wet roadsides.
Elevation 200–1900(–2900) m. (700–6200(–9500) ft.) 20–3200(–3700) m. (100–10500(–12100) ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
ID; MT; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; ID; MI; MT; NE; NM; NV; NY; OR; PA; SD; TX; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NB; NT; SK; YT; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nayarit, Sonora) [Introduced in Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Erythranthe patula is distinctive with its long-petiolate leaves with ovate blades and its small, weakly bilabiate to nearly radially symmetric corollas. Vestiture may include only minute, stipitate-glandular hairs or it may be an intergrading mix of stipitate-glandular hairs and minute (0.1–0.2 mm), sharp-pointed, eglandular hairs. Plants may have stipitate-glandular pedicels and calyces but hirtellous, eglandular stems, or they may have stipitate-glandular stems and pedicels but hirtellous calyces.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe guttata is markedly variable in stature, leaf shape, vestiture, flower size, and the separation distance between anthers and stigma; it ranges from subalpine and near-alpine habitats into desert situations where water is available.

In all of Colorado, the Four Corners area, and north-central New Mexico, the vestiture of stems and calyces is consistently densely hirsute-hirtellous, without glandular hairs. Plants with similar vestiture also occur in British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington, and in scattered localities elsewhere. In northwestern Arizona, California Nevada, and southern Oregon, vestiture is consistently villous-glandular, without eglandular hairs. Elsewhere in the geographic range the vestiture is a mix of hirsute-hirtellous (eglandular) and villous-glandular hairs. Other morphological variants and patterns, as well as variation in ploidy level, within Erythranthe guttata were discussed by G. L. Nesom (2012i).

Plants of Erythranthe guttata with extremely large corollas have been frequently collected on the Aleutian Islands, Kodiak Island, and in other Alaskan localities (for example, Admiralty Island Amakuk, Juneau, and Yakutat Bay). Corolla tube-throats are 19–26 mm, and the limbs are expanded to 18–25 mm. The type collection of E. guttata is one of these plants, and the name E. guttata may prove to apply most appropriately only to Alaskan populations. Diploids and tetraploids appear to be sympatric in Alaska.

Mimulus guttatus subsp. haidensis was described as an endemic subalpine race that occurs in and along the flanks of the Queen Charlotte Mountains on Graham Island and Moresby Island. The subspecies was distinguished on the basis of its hirtellous vestiture, but plants of similar hirtellous vestiture occur over the whole range of the species. A tetraploid chromosome number (2n = 56) was reported for subsp. haidensis from a total of five localities on Graham Island and Moresby Island (J. A. Calder and R. L. Taylor 1968, vol. 2), and diploids (2n = 28) were documented from one locality on each of the two islands. At least one of the diploids has densely hirtellous stems, pedicels, and calyces, matching the morphology of subsp. haidensis.

Erythranthe guttata is naturalized in Europe and has been introduced to the northeastern United States (Connecticut, Michigan, New York, and Pennsylvania) and eastern Canada (New Brunswick).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 397. FNA vol. 17, p. 411.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Erythranthe Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms Mimulus patulus Mimulus guttatus, M. clementinus, M. equinus, M. glabratus var. adscendens, M. grandiflorus, M. guttatus subsp. haidensis, M. guttatus var. puberulus, M. hirsutus, M. langsdorffii var. argutus, M. langsdorffii var. californicus, M. langsdorffii var. guttatus, M. langsdorffii var. minimus, M. langsdorffii var. platyphyllus, M. lyratus, M. paniculatus, M. petiolaris, M. prionophyllus, M. puberulus, M. rivularis
Name authority (Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012) (de Candolle) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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