FNA: Erythranthe palmeri vs. Erythranthe utahensis

	Erythranthe palmeri	Erythranthe utahensis
	Palmer's monkeyflower	Utah monkeyflower
Habit	Annuals, taprooted.	Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at nodes, rhizomes filiform.
Stems	erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–17 cm, minutely puberulent.	erect, sometimes decumbent-ascending proximally, simple or few-branched, 20–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular in inflorescence.
Leaves	cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade pinnately veined, palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), linear to oblanceolate, (3–)4–17 × 1–4 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent.	basal and cauline, even-sized or largest near mid stem; petiole 0 mm or proximalmost 2–10 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, orbicular or suborbicular to broadly elliptic, broadly ovate, or depressed-ovate, 20–40(–75) × 12–35(–40) mm, base usually truncate to broadly cuneate, margins entire or subentire to mucronulate, shallowly dentate, or denticulate, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous or glabrate to sparsely stipitate-glandular and sparsely pilose, hairs thin-walled, abaxial often glaucous.
Flowers	herkogamous, 1–36, from distal or medial to distal nodes.	herkogamous, 6–16, from proximal to distal nodes, in a loose raceme, distal bracts becoming much reduced.
Styles	glabrous.	hirtellous.
Corollas	pink to purple, abaxial limb with 2 yellow ridges, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 6–15 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–15 mm, lobes deeply notched, abaxial limb sparsely bearded.	yellow, abaxial limb prominently darker yellow, sparsely purple-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly funnelform to broadly cylindric, 10–15 mm, exserted 5–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 12–20 mm.
Fruiting pedicels	spreading horizontally, 5–33 mm.	(25–)40–75 mm, stipitate-glandular to short villous, hairs gland-tipped.
Fruiting calyces	sometimes red-spotted on ribs, becoming straw colored, cylindric, 4–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, ribs weak, lobes pronounced, erect, margins ciliate.	broadly ovate-cylindric, inflated, sagittally compressed, (10–)11–17(–20) mm, stipitate-glandular or minutely hirtellous or a mixture, hairs sometimes also longer, thin-walled, eglandular or glandular, throat not closing, adaxial lobe slightly longer, triangular-blunt.
Capsules	included, 4–8 mm.	included, 5–7 mm.
Anthers	included, glabrous.	included, glabrous.
2n		= 28, 30.

	Erythranthe palmeri	Erythranthe utahensis
Phenology	Flowering Apr–Jun.	Flowering (Feb–)May–Aug(–Oct).
Habitat	Moist areas in openings in pine forest and desert chaparral transitions.	Drainage ditches, springs, seeps, wet meadows, margins of ponds and small streams, marshy areas.
Elevation	900–2200 m. (3000–7200 ft.)	1400–2500 m. (4600–8200 ft.)
Distribution	CA [WildflowerSearch map]	CA; CO; NV; UT
Discussion	Erythranthe palmeri has been confused with other closely related species, including E. diffusa, E. discolor (pink form), E. rhodopetra, and E. sierrae. It was previously thought to be a widely distributed species because of this taxonomic confusion but now is regarded as endemic to the Transverse Range in the San Bernardino and San Gabriel mountains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Erythranthe utahensis is characterized by its erect stems, prolifically produced filiform rhizomes, basal leaves short-petiolate to subsessile and cauline sessile, blades suborbicular to broadly ovate or depressed ovate with thin-walled villous-glandular hairs on both surfaces, margins subentire, proximal pedicels elongating to 75 mm, and calyces open at maturity. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 387.	FNA vol. 17, p. 410.
Parent taxa	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms	Mimulus palmeri	Mimulus glabratus subsp. utahensis
Name authority	(A. Gray) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012)	(Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe utahensis

Palmer's monkeyflower

Utah monkeyflower

Habit

Annuals, taprooted.

Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at nodes, rhizomes filiform.

Stems

erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–17 cm, minutely puberulent.

erect, sometimes decumbent-ascending proximally, simple or few-branched, 20–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular in inflorescence.

Leaves

cauline, basal not persistent;

petiole 0 mm;

blade pinnately veined, palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), linear to oblanceolate, (3–)4–17 × 1–4 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent.

basal and cauline, even-sized or largest near mid stem;

petiole 0 mm or proximalmost 2–10 mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, orbicular or suborbicular to broadly elliptic, broadly ovate, or depressed-ovate, 20–40(–75) × 12–35(–40) mm, base usually truncate to broadly cuneate, margins entire or subentire to mucronulate, shallowly dentate, or denticulate, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous or glabrate to sparsely stipitate-glandular and sparsely pilose, hairs thin-walled, abaxial often glaucous.

Flowers

herkogamous, 1–36, from distal or medial to distal nodes.

herkogamous, 6–16, from proximal to distal nodes, in a loose raceme, distal bracts becoming much reduced.

Styles

glabrous.

hirtellous.

Corollas

pink to purple, abaxial limb with 2 yellow ridges, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, 6–15 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 8–15 mm, lobes deeply notched, abaxial limb sparsely bearded.

yellow, abaxial limb prominently darker yellow, sparsely purple-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate;

tube-throat narrowly funnelform to broadly cylindric, 10–15 mm, exserted 5–8 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 12–20 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

spreading horizontally, 5–33 mm.

(25–)40–75 mm, stipitate-glandular to short villous, hairs gland-tipped.

Fruiting calyces

sometimes red-spotted on ribs, becoming straw colored, cylindric, 4–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, ribs weak, lobes pronounced, erect, margins ciliate.

broadly ovate-cylindric, inflated, sagittally compressed, (10–)11–17(–20) mm, stipitate-glandular or minutely hirtellous or a mixture, hairs sometimes also longer, thin-walled, eglandular or glandular, throat not closing, adaxial lobe slightly longer, triangular-blunt.

Capsules

included, 4–8 mm.

included, 5–7 mm.

Anthers

included, glabrous.

= 28, 30.

Erythranthe palmeri

Erythranthe utahensis

Phenology

Flowering Apr–Jun.

Flowering (Feb–)May–Aug(–Oct).

Habitat

Moist areas in openings in pine forest and desert chaparral transitions.

Drainage ditches, springs, seeps, wet meadows, margins of ponds and small streams, marshy areas.

Elevation

900–2200 m. (3000–7200 ft.)

1400–2500 m. (4600–8200 ft.)

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

CA; CO; NV; UT

Discussion

Erythranthe palmeri has been confused with other closely related species, including E. diffusa, E. discolor (pink form), E. rhodopetra, and E. sierrae. It was previously thought to be a widely distributed species because of this taxonomic confusion but now is regarded as endemic to the Transverse Range in the San Bernardino and San Gabriel mountains.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe utahensis is characterized by its erect stems, prolifically produced filiform rhizomes, basal leaves short-petiolate to subsessile and cauline sessile, blades suborbicular to broadly ovate or depressed ovate with thin-walled villous-glandular hairs on both surfaces, margins subentire, proximal pedicels elongating to 75 mm, and calyces open at maturity.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 387.

FNA vol. 17, p. 410.

Parent taxa

Phrymaceae > Erythranthe

Sibling taxa

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

Synonyms

Mimulus palmeri

Mimulus glabratus subsp. utahensis

Name authority

(A. Gray) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012)

(Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America

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Erythranthe palmeri

Erythranthe utahensis

Erythranthe palmeri

Erythranthe utahensis