Erythranthe palmeri |
Erythranthe michiganensis |
|
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Palmer's monkeyflower |
Michigan monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, usually producing numerous leafy stolons from basal nodes, rooting at distal nodes, sometimes forming mats. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–17 cm, minutely puberulent. |
ascending-erect or basally decumbent, becoming erect in inflorescence, branched, 12–50(–70) cm, glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade pinnately veined, palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), linear to oblanceolate, (3–)4–17 × 1–4 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 1–5(–15) mm, mid stem and distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, broadly ovate to broadly ovate-elliptic or suborbicular, 8–30 mm, relatively even-sized or diminishing in size distally, bracteal reduced, slightly falcate, base truncate to cuneate, margins evenly or unevenly dentate-serrate to dentate, teeth 3–8 per side, apex usually rounded, surfaces glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–36, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–14, mostly from distal nodes or medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | pink to purple, abaxial limb with 2 yellow ridges, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 6–15 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–15 mm, lobes deeply notched, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
yellow, sometimes faintly red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-campanulate, 10–14 mm, exserted 5–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–15 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | spreading horizontally, 5–33 mm. |
10–25 mm, villous-glandular to minutely villosulous-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | sometimes red-spotted on ribs, becoming straw colored, cylindric, 4–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, ribs weak, lobes pronounced, erect, margins ciliate. |
cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–10 mm, puberulous to softly hirtellous, mixed with longer, stipitate-glandular hairs, throat not closing, adaxial lobe 2 times longer than others, slightly upcurving. |
Capsules | included, 4–8 mm. |
unknown. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = (28)30. |
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Erythranthe palmeri |
Erythranthe michiganensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Aug(–Oct). |
Habitat | Moist areas in openings in pine forest and desert chaparral transitions. | Cold calcareous springs, seeps, depressions, streams, alkaline shorelines at mouths of small drainages, steep moraine slopes, bluff bases, commonly in northern white cedar swamps. |
Elevation | 900–2200 m. (3000–7200 ft.) | 500–600 m. (1600–2000 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
|
MI |
Discussion | Erythranthe palmeri has been confused with other closely related species, including E. diffusa, E. discolor (pink form), E. rhodopetra, and E. sierrae. It was previously thought to be a widely distributed species because of this taxonomic confusion but now is regarded as endemic to the Transverse Range in the San Bernardino and San Gabriel mountains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Based on data from allozyme and RAPD studies, morphology, and crossing studies, A. L. Posto and L. A. Prather (2003) raised Erythranthe [Mimulus] michiganensis to specific rank. The species is endemic to a small area in the Mackinac Straits and Grand Traverse regions of Michigan; it is known to be extant at 15 sites and apparently is extinct at three previously known sites. Plants of all but one of the populations are essentially pollen-sterile and reproduce through rhizomes. However, the didynamous stamens and stigma positioned above the adaxial anther pair, along with the relatively large corollas with broadly expanded limb, are reflective of an allogamous breeding system, which seems unusual in view of its apparent sterility. The narrow geographic distribution of E. michiganensis lies within the wider range of E. geyeri, and the two are known to co-occur at two sites, apparently without hybridization or morphologically intermediate individuals. Erythranthe michiganensis (as Mimulus michiganensis) is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 387. | FNA vol. 17, p. 407. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus palmeri | Mimulus glabratus subsp. michiganensis, M. glabratus var. michiganensis, M. michiganensis |
Name authority | (A. Gray) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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