Erythranthe palmeri |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
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Palmer's monkeyflower |
large mountain monkey-flower, mountain monkeyflower, Olympic monkeyflower, subalpine monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes, sometimes producing creeping, small-leaved runners, forming matted colonies, rhizomes filiform. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–17 cm, minutely puberulent. |
procumbent or decumbent to decumbent-ascending, delicate, usually in masses, terete or flattish, branched, 3–10 cm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade pinnately veined, palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), linear to oblanceolate, (3–)4–17 × 1–4 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent. |
basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 2–5 mm, distals 0 mm; blade often purple beneath, palmately 3-veined, orbicular to narrowly elliptic or ovate, proximals usually sublyrate, 3–12 mm, becoming larger distally, base cuneate to a short petiole, margins entire, mucronulate, or barely denticulate, apex obtuse, surfaces sparsely to moderately puberulent, hairs minute, stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–36, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–3, from distal nodes, commonly solitary. |
Styles | glabrous. |
minutely hirtellous. |
Corollas | pink to purple, abaxial limb with 2 yellow ridges, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 6–15 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–15 mm, lobes deeply notched, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
yellow, dark red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform to cylindric-funnelform, 15–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb with deflexed-spreading lobes, adaxial with ascending lobes, palate partially closed. |
Fruiting pedicels | spreading horizontally, 5–33 mm. |
10–30(–40) mm, sparsely to moderately villous, hairs short, gland-tipped, sometimes hirtellous. |
Fruiting calyces | sometimes red-spotted on ribs, becoming straw colored, cylindric, 4–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, ribs weak, lobes pronounced, erect, margins ciliate. |
broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–15 mm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular, throat closing, proximalmost lobe pair upcurving, distalmost 3–5 mm, prominently protruding. |
Capsules | included, 4–8 mm. |
included, 4–5 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe palmeri |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Moist areas in openings in pine forest and desert chaparral transitions. | Alpine meadows and slopes, stream banks, wet rocks in streams, wet crevices, talus. |
Elevation | 900–2200 m. (3000–7200 ft.) | 1100–2000(–2300) m. (3600–6600(–7500) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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WA; BC
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Discussion | Erythranthe palmeri has been confused with other closely related species, including E. diffusa, E. discolor (pink form), E. rhodopetra, and E. sierrae. It was previously thought to be a widely distributed species because of this taxonomic confusion but now is regarded as endemic to the Transverse Range in the San Bernardino and San Gabriel mountains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe caespitosa is endemic to northwestern and central Washington (Cascade and Olympic mountains) and adjacent British Columbia (Cascades, Selkirk Mountains and Chilliwack Valley, Coast Mountains). The plants have consistently small leaves with subentire margins, and the stems are consistently procumbent to decumbent-ascending, usually forming matted colonies. Erythranthe caespitosa and E. tilingii appear to be sympatric in counties of northwestern Washington, but this needs to be verified in the field. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 387. | FNA vol. 17, p. 409. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus palmeri | Mimulus scouleri var. caespitosus, M. caespitosus, M. tilingii var. caespitosus |
Name authority | (A. Gray) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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