Erythranthe nudata |
Erythranthe cardinalis |
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bare monkeyflower |
cardinal monkey flower, scarlet monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted or fibrous-rooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, simple or few-branched from basal nodes, branches mostly reddish purple, (5–)9–30 cm, glabrous or minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, at least just above nodes. |
usually erect to ascending, freely branched, 25–75 cm, ± glandular-villous or glabrate. |
Leaves | cauline on wide internodes; petiole 5–30 mm, distals 0 mm; blade 1-veined or palmately 3–5-veined, proximals lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate to ovate, narrowly spatulate, or oblanceolate, distals usually linear, not perfoliate, 5–15(–30) × 1–5 mm, base attenuate, margins denticulate to proximally dentate-lobed, apex acute, surfaces glabrous or minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, at least just above nodes. |
usually cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic-ovate to ovate or obovate, 20–90(–110) × 10–38(–60) mm, thick, base acuminate, subclasping, margins irregularly serrate to dentate, apex acute, surfaces ± glandular-villous to glabrate. |
Flowers | herkogamous, (2–)4–8, usually in proximal or medial to distal axils, chasmogamous. |
herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, without a large red splotch, throat floor and tube red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted 2–4 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–12 mm. |
scarlet to orange-red, rarely yellow, throat yellowish, red-striped, palate red, yellow-villous, not spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, (15–)20–30 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; throat open. |
Fruiting pedicels | erect in flower, spreading to divaricate, rarely recurved, in fruit, 10–35 mm, glabrous or minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, at least just above nodes. |
30–90(–120) mm. |
Fruiting calyces | ovate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 6–13 mm, glabrous or minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, at least just above nodes, throat closing, abaxial lobe upcurving over lateral ones, nearly closing orifice. |
cylindric to cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, 17–28(–30) mm, hispid-hirsute to hirsute, lobes 4–7 mm, ovate to ovate-deltate, apex attenuate-acute. |
Capsules | included, 6–7 mm. |
included, 10–16 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
exserted, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
2n | = 16. |
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Erythranthe nudata |
Erythranthe cardinalis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | Open gravelly seeps on serpentine outcrops, serpentine crevices, springs, streamsides, gravelly creek beds, roadside drainages and swales. | Moist to wet places along streams, lakes, creek beds, canyon, arroyo, and ravine bottoms, around springs and seepage areas, flood plains, moist clearings and woods edges. |
Elevation | 200–700 m. (700–2300 ft.) | (5–)50–2300(–2800) m. ((0–)200–7500(–9200) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA; NV; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Erythranthe nudata is distinct in its annual duration, few, inconspicuous, and narrow leaves, long and spreading-divaricate pedicels, and large corollas. The plants apparently are restricted to serpentine substrate and known only from Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, and Sonoma counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Yellow-flowered populations of Erythranthe cardinalis occur on Cedros Island, Baja California, and in the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon (R. K. Vickery 1992). They have been documented also on Santa Cruz Island, California. Populations of Erythranthe cardinalis in King and Yakima counties, Washington, are introduced and naturalized. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 417. | FNA vol. 17, p. 393. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus nudatus | Mimulus cardinalis, M. cardinalis var. exsul, M. cardinalis var. griseus, M. cardinalis var. rigens |
Name authority | (Curran ex Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) | (Douglas ex Bentham) Spach: Hist. Nat. Vég. 9: 313. (1840) |
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