Erythranthe norrisii |
Erythranthe parvula |
|
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Kaweah monkeyflower, Norris' monkeyflower |
Southwestern mat monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes rooting at nodes, mat-forming. |
Stems | ascending to erect-ascending, geniculate at nodes, usually branched from proximal nodes, 2–15(–25) cm, villous-glandular. |
procumbent, branched, 5–15 cm, stipitate-glandular distally. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiole 5–10(–15) mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, sometimes with 1–3 distal vein pairs diverging pinnately, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 20–35 × 10–20 mm, base usually attenuate, margins subentire to distally denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular. |
cauline; petiole 1–4 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, ovate to orbicular-ovate or depressed-ovate, 3–11 × 3–9 mm, base truncate to cuneate, margins shallowly denticulate to dentate, teeth 3–5 per side, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-hirsute, hairs whitish, thickened, flattened, stiff, gland-tipped. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–5, from medial to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 2–8, axillary at distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, base of each lobe with a prominent maroon splotch, abaxial limb with white patch at 2 sinus bases, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 12–16 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 15–30 mm, lobes oblong-obovate to orbicular-obovate, apex rounded-truncate. |
yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 6–8 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 4–6 mm, abaxial limb spreading, lobes fimbriate. |
Fruiting pedicels | 20–35(–50) mm, villous-glandular. |
7–15 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | red-dotted, campanulate, weakly inflated, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs rounded-thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, often incurved, linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded to blunt. |
nodding 45–90º, 5-lobed, cylindric-ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 4–5 mm, villous-hirsute, throat closing. |
Capsules | usually slightly exserted, 4–6 mm. |
included, 3–4 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
= 32. |
Erythranthe norrisii |
Erythranthe parvula |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering Apr–Sep. |
Habitat | Steep marble outcrops in soil pockets, moss covered marble and quartzite ledges, cracks, fractures, weathered faces, chamise chaparral or blue oak woodlands. | Wet vertical rock faces, ledges, and rocky slopes, seepy wash banks. |
Elevation | 300–1300 m. (1000–4300 ft.) | 500–2400(–3400) m. (1600–7900(–11200) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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AZ; NM; Mexico (Sonora) |
Discussion | Erythranthe norrisii is known only from the Kaweah River drainage; most populations are in Sequoia National Park in Tulare County. The species is characterized by its short-petiolate leaves with attenuate bases, very large corollas with red splotches at the base of each lobe and two white patches on the abaxial limb, and very short, purple-dotted calyces with rounded-thickened ribs and linear-oblong lobes incurved in fruit. The capsules often are slightly exserted. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
All monkeyflowers with laciniate-lobed corollas have generally been identified as Mimulus dentilobus B. L. Robinson & Fernald, but these occur as three, morphologically distinct, widely allopatric population systems, each of which is regarded as a separate species (G. L. Nesom 2012g). Erythranthe dentiloba (B. L. Robinson & Fernald) G. L. Nesom, which is endemic to Mexico, is the only one of the three with an allogamous breeding system. Erythranthe parvula is restricted to Arizona and New Mexico except for one locality in northern Sonora, Mexico. Erythranthe chinatiensis is the third species of the group. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 405. | FNA vol. 17, p. 424. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus norrisii | Mimulus parvulus |
Name authority | (Heckard & Shevock) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012) | (Wooton & Standley) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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