Flora of North America species comparison

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Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe nasuta

Kaweah monkeyflower, Norris' monkeyflower

calyx-nose monkeyflower, erythranthe nasuta, large-nose monkey-flower, little yellow monkey-flower, snouted monkey-flower
Habit Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. Annuals, fibrous-rooted or slender-taprooted.
Stems

ascending to erect-ascending, geniculate at nodes, usually branched from proximal nodes, 2–15(–25) cm, villous-glandular.

erect to ascending-erect or decumbent, simple or branched from proximal nodes, 4-angled, sometimes shallowly 4-winged, thin-wiry, or fistulose, 2–35(–100) cm, glabrous except for a consistently small, villous-glandular area just above nodes, sometimes hirtellous distally.
Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiole 5–10(–15) mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, sometimes with 1–3 distal vein pairs diverging pinnately, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 20–35 × 10–20 mm, base usually attenuate, margins subentire to distally denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular.

basal and cauline or basal not persistent;

petiole: proximals to medials 3–35 mm, base narrowly flanged, distals 0 mm;

blade ± red tinged abaxially or purple-spotted, palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic-ovate to broadly ovate, suborbicular, or depressed-ovate, (5–)10–49(–80) × (3–)10–25(–60) mm, as long as wide or wider than long, proximals largest and persistent, base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, margins irregularly dentate to dentate-serrate or nearly lacerate-dentate, commonly doubly toothed, main teeth 4–9 per side, sometimes sublacerate to sublyrate basally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, sometimes hirtellous, hairs dull, terete, sharp-pointed, eglandular.
Flowers

herkogamous, 1–5, from medial to distal nodes.

plesiogamous, (1 or)2–12(–20), from distal nodes, sometimes from medial to distal, chasmogamous or cleistogamous.
Styles

glabrous.

minutely scabrous or glabrous.
Corollas

yellow, base of each lobe with a prominent maroon splotch, abaxial limb with white patch at 2 sinus bases, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular;

tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 12–16 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 15–30 mm, lobes oblong-obovate to orbicular-obovate, apex rounded-truncate.

yellow, throat usually red-spotted, abaxial limb base usually with a red splotch, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate;

tube-throat broadly cylindric, (5–)8–12 mm, exserted (0–)1–2 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 6–12 mm.
Fruiting pedicels

20–35(–50) mm, villous-glandular.

(3–)7–20(–40) mm, longer than subtending leaves, glabrate, sometimes glandular-villous adaxially at axils.
Fruiting calyces

red-dotted, campanulate, weakly inflated, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs rounded-thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, often incurved, linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded to blunt.

nodding 30–180º, usually purple-tinged or -spotted, ovoid-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, (5–)10–15(–19) mm, glabrous or minutely hirtellous to appressed-hirtellous, minutely short-ciliate at sinuses, throat closing, adaxial lobe usually longer than abaxial, slightlty falcate.
Capsules

usually slightly exserted, 4–6 mm.

included, (4–)5–9(–10) mm.
Anthers

included, glabrous.

included, glabrous.
2n

= 32.

= 26, 28, 56.

Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe nasuta
Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jun(–Jul).
Habitat Steep marble outcrops in soil pockets, moss covered marble and quartzite ledges, cracks, fractures, weathered faces, chamise chaparral or blue oak woodlands. Cliff faces, ledges, crevices, and bases, wet rocks in rivers, streamsides, sand bars, mossy seeps, wet clay banks, moist fields, sandy soils, depressions over granite, roadsides.
Elevation 300–1300 m. (1000–4300 ft.) (0–)600–2300(–3200) m. ((0–)2000–7500(–10500) ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Erythranthe norrisii is known only from the Kaweah River drainage; most populations are in Sequoia National Park in Tulare County. The species is characterized by its short-petiolate leaves with attenuate bases, very large corollas with red splotches at the base of each lobe and two white patches on the abaxial limb, and very short, purple-dotted calyces with rounded-thickened ribs and linear-oblong lobes incurved in fruit. The capsules often are slightly exserted.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe nasuta is characterized by its annual duration (fibrous-rooted), four-angled stems, broadly ovate leaves commonly with irregularly toothed margins, calyces with longish, protruding adaxial lobes, and short corollas (all autogamous, chasmogamous or cleistogamous). Flowers may vary significantly in size, even on a single plant. Plants commonly produce tiny cleistogamous flowers on branches (usually at the base of the plant) separate from those with larger flowers. At least the distal and bracteal leaves consistently have hirtellous to hirsutulous adaxial surfaces, even in the smallest of plants. Glandular vestiture is produced only in the axils. Some plants, apparently at the upper limits of populational variability, produce thick-fistulose stems to 100 cm, large leaves (to 80 × 60 mm), and large fruiting calyces (16–19 mm).

Plants described as Mimulus sookensis (B. G. Benedict 1993; Benedict et al. 2012) are tetraploid and have been hypothesized to have arisen as alloploids between Erythranthe nasuta and E. microphylla in two or more independent events. In morphology, however, they are indistinguishable from E. nasuta and are treated here within it. In contrast, experimental hybrids and naturally occurring nasuta-microphylla hybrids apparently of contemporary origin are intermediate in morphology (see review by G. L. Nesom 2013e). The tetraploid occurs from northern California to southwestern British Columbia (A. L. Sweigart et al. 2008; Benedict et al. 2012).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 405. FNA vol. 17, p. 418.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Erythranthe Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms Mimulus norrisii Mimulus nasuta, M. bakeri, M. cuspidatus, M. erosus, M. guttatus var. gracilis, M. guttatus var. nasutus, M. langsdorffii var. nasutus, M. luteus var. gracilis, M. puncticalyx, M. sookensis, M. subreniformis
Name authority (Heckard & Shevock) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012) (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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