FNA: Erythranthe norrisii vs. Erythranthe michiganensis

	Erythranthe norrisii	Erythranthe michiganensis
	Kaweah monkeyflower, Norris' monkeyflower	Michigan monkeyflower
Habit	Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.	Perennials, rhizomatous, usually producing numerous leafy stolons from basal nodes, rooting at distal nodes, sometimes forming mats.
Stems	ascending to erect-ascending, geniculate at nodes, usually branched from proximal nodes, 2–15(–25) cm, villous-glandular.	ascending-erect or basally decumbent, becoming erect in inflorescence, branched, 12–50(–70) cm, glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular.
Leaves	basal and cauline; petiole 5–10(–15) mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, sometimes with 1–3 distal vein pairs diverging pinnately, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 20–35 × 10–20 mm, base usually attenuate, margins subentire to distally denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular.	cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 1–5(–15) mm, mid stem and distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, broadly ovate to broadly ovate-elliptic or suborbicular, 8–30 mm, relatively even-sized or diminishing in size distally, bracteal reduced, slightly falcate, base truncate to cuneate, margins evenly or unevenly dentate-serrate to dentate, teeth 3–8 per side, apex usually rounded, surfaces glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular.
Flowers	herkogamous, 1–5, from medial to distal nodes.	herkogamous, 2–14, mostly from distal nodes or medial to distal nodes.
Styles	glabrous.	glabrous.
Corollas	yellow, base of each lobe with a prominent maroon splotch, abaxial limb with white patch at 2 sinus bases, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 12–16 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 15–30 mm, lobes oblong-obovate to orbicular-obovate, apex rounded-truncate.	yellow, sometimes faintly red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-campanulate, 10–14 mm, exserted 5–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–15 mm.
Fruiting pedicels	20–35(–50) mm, villous-glandular.	10–25 mm, villous-glandular to minutely villosulous-glandular.
Fruiting calyces	red-dotted, campanulate, weakly inflated, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs rounded-thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, often incurved, linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded to blunt.	cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–10 mm, puberulous to softly hirtellous, mixed with longer, stipitate-glandular hairs, throat not closing, adaxial lobe 2 times longer than others, slightly upcurving.
Capsules	usually slightly exserted, 4–6 mm.	unknown.
Anthers	included, glabrous.	included, glabrous.
2n	= 32.	= (28)30.

	Erythranthe norrisii	Erythranthe michiganensis
Phenology	Flowering Mar–May.	Flowering Jun–Aug(–Oct).
Habitat	Steep marble outcrops in soil pockets, moss covered marble and quartzite ledges, cracks, fractures, weathered faces, chamise chaparral or blue oak woodlands.	Cold calcareous springs, seeps, depressions, streams, alkaline shorelines at mouths of small drainages, steep moraine slopes, bluff bases, commonly in northern white cedar swamps.
Elevation	300–1300 m. (1000–4300 ft.)	500–600 m. (1600–2000 ft.)
Distribution	CA [WildflowerSearch map]	MI
Discussion	Erythranthe norrisii is known only from the Kaweah River drainage; most populations are in Sequoia National Park in Tulare County. The species is characterized by its short-petiolate leaves with attenuate bases, very large corollas with red splotches at the base of each lobe and two white patches on the abaxial limb, and very short, purple-dotted calyces with rounded-thickened ribs and linear-oblong lobes incurved in fruit. The capsules often are slightly exserted. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Based on data from allozyme and RAPD studies, morphology, and crossing studies, A. L. Posto and L. A. Prather (2003) raised Erythranthe [Mimulus] michiganensis to specific rank. The species is endemic to a small area in the Mackinac Straits and Grand Traverse regions of Michigan; it is known to be extant at 15 sites and apparently is extinct at three previously known sites. Plants of all but one of the populations are essentially pollen-sterile and reproduce through rhizomes. However, the didynamous stamens and stigma positioned above the adaxial anther pair, along with the relatively large corollas with broadly expanded limb, are reflective of an allogamous breeding system, which seems unusual in view of its apparent sterility. The narrow geographic distribution of E. michiganensis lies within the wider range of E. geyeri, and the two are known to co-occur at two sites, apparently without hybridization or morphologically intermediate individuals. Erythranthe michiganensis (as Mimulus michiganensis) is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 405.	FNA vol. 17, p. 407.
Parent taxa	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms	Mimulus norrisii	Mimulus glabratus subsp. michiganensis, M. glabratus var. michiganensis, M. michiganensis
Name authority	(Heckard & Shevock) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012)	(Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local Web sites: MI Flora WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe michiganensis

Kaweah monkeyflower, Norris' monkeyflower

Michigan monkeyflower

Habit

Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.

Perennials, rhizomatous, usually producing numerous leafy stolons from basal nodes, rooting at distal nodes, sometimes forming mats.

Stems

ascending to erect-ascending, geniculate at nodes, usually branched from proximal nodes, 2–15(–25) cm, villous-glandular.

ascending-erect or basally decumbent, becoming erect in inflorescence, branched, 12–50(–70) cm, glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiole 5–10(–15) mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, sometimes with 1–3 distal vein pairs diverging pinnately, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 20–35 × 10–20 mm, base usually attenuate, margins subentire to distally denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular.

cauline, basal not persistent;

petiole 1–5(–15) mm, mid stem and distals 0 mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, broadly ovate to broadly ovate-elliptic or suborbicular, 8–30 mm, relatively even-sized or diminishing in size distally, bracteal reduced, slightly falcate, base truncate to cuneate, margins evenly or unevenly dentate-serrate to dentate, teeth 3–8 per side, apex usually rounded, surfaces glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular.

Flowers

herkogamous, 1–5, from medial to distal nodes.

herkogamous, 2–14, mostly from distal nodes or medial to distal nodes.

Styles

glabrous.

Corollas

yellow, base of each lobe with a prominent maroon splotch, abaxial limb with white patch at 2 sinus bases, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular;

tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 12–16 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 15–30 mm, lobes oblong-obovate to orbicular-obovate, apex rounded-truncate.

yellow, sometimes faintly red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate;

tube-throat cylindric-campanulate, 10–14 mm, exserted 5–8 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 10–15 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

20–35(–50) mm, villous-glandular.

10–25 mm, villous-glandular to minutely villosulous-glandular.

Fruiting calyces

red-dotted, campanulate, weakly inflated, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs rounded-thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, often incurved, linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded to blunt.

cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–10 mm, puberulous to softly hirtellous, mixed with longer, stipitate-glandular hairs, throat not closing, adaxial lobe 2 times longer than others, slightly upcurving.

Capsules

usually slightly exserted, 4–6 mm.

unknown.

Anthers

included, glabrous.

= 32.

= (28)30.

Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe michiganensis

Phenology

Flowering Mar–May.

Flowering Jun–Aug(–Oct).

Habitat

Steep marble outcrops in soil pockets, moss covered marble and quartzite ledges, cracks, fractures, weathered faces, chamise chaparral or blue oak woodlands.

Cold calcareous springs, seeps, depressions, streams, alkaline shorelines at mouths of small drainages, steep moraine slopes, bluff bases, commonly in northern white cedar swamps.

Elevation

300–1300 m. (1000–4300 ft.)

500–600 m. (1600–2000 ft.)

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

Discussion

Erythranthe norrisii is known only from the Kaweah River drainage; most populations are in Sequoia National Park in Tulare County. The species is characterized by its short-petiolate leaves with attenuate bases, very large corollas with red splotches at the base of each lobe and two white patches on the abaxial limb, and very short, purple-dotted calyces with rounded-thickened ribs and linear-oblong lobes incurved in fruit. The capsules often are slightly exserted.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Based on data from allozyme and RAPD studies, morphology, and crossing studies, A. L. Posto and L. A. Prather (2003) raised Erythranthe [Mimulus] michiganensis to specific rank. The species is endemic to a small area in the Mackinac Straits and Grand Traverse regions of Michigan; it is known to be extant at 15 sites and apparently is extinct at three previously known sites. Plants of all but one of the populations are essentially pollen-sterile and reproduce through rhizomes. However, the didynamous stamens and stigma positioned above the adaxial anther pair, along with the relatively large corollas with broadly expanded limb, are reflective of an allogamous breeding system, which seems unusual in view of its apparent sterility. The narrow geographic distribution of E. michiganensis lies within the wider range of E. geyeri, and the two are known to co-occur at two sites, apparently without hybridization or morphologically intermediate individuals.

Erythranthe michiganensis (as Mimulus michiganensis) is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 405.

FNA vol. 17, p. 407.

Parent taxa

Phrymaceae > Erythranthe

Sibling taxa

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

Synonyms

Mimulus norrisii

Mimulus glabratus subsp. michiganensis, M. glabratus var. michiganensis, M. michiganensis

Name authority

(Heckard & Shevock) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012)

(Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America

The species comparison tool is brought to you by:

Flora of North America species comparison

Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe michiganensis

Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe michiganensis