FNA: Erythranthe norrisii vs. Erythranthe corallina

	Erythranthe norrisii	Erythranthe corallina
	Kaweah monkeyflower, Norris' monkeyflower	coralline monkeyflower
Habit	Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.	Perennials, rhizomatous, rhizomes often forming a mass, usually branching, filiform.
Stems	ascending to erect-ascending, geniculate at nodes, usually branched from proximal nodes, 2–15(–25) cm, villous-glandular.	usually erect to ascending-erect, few-branched, 6–25(–38) cm, moderately hirsute to hirtellous, hairs deflexed.
Leaves	basal and cauline; petiole 5–10(–15) mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, sometimes with 1–3 distal vein pairs diverging pinnately, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 20–35 × 10–20 mm, base usually attenuate, margins subentire to distally denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular.	basal and cauline, becoming larger distally or even-sized; petiole 0 mm or proximals 1–15 mm; blade palmately 5-veined, ovate to broadly ovate, 15–45 mm, base mostly truncate to shallowly cordate, margins sharply dentate-serrate, apex obtuse, surfaces hirtellous to softly hirsute, hairs ascending, straight, dull gray, sharp-pointed, thick-walled, eglandular.
Flowers	herkogamous, 1–5, from medial to distal nodes.	herkogamous, 1–3(–6), commonly solitary or from distal nodes.
Styles	glabrous.	sparsely hirtellous.
Corollas	yellow, base of each lobe with a prominent maroon splotch, abaxial limb with white patch at 2 sinus bases, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 12–16 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 15–30 mm, lobes oblong-obovate to orbicular-obovate, apex rounded-truncate.	yellow, red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly funnelform to broadly cylindric, 13–20 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 12–22 mm.
Fruiting pedicels	20–35(–50) mm, villous-glandular.	(10–)25–75 mm, glabrous or puberulent proximally, hairs stipitate-glandular.
Fruiting calyces	red-dotted, campanulate, weakly inflated, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs rounded-thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, often incurved, linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded to blunt.	sometimes purple-spotted, broadly cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 11–15 mm, glabrous, throat not closing, proximal lobe pair slightly upcurving.
Capsules	usually slightly exserted, 4–6 mm.	included, stipitate, 7–10 mm.
Anthers	included, glabrous.	included, glabrous.
2n	= 32.	= 48, 56.

	Erythranthe norrisii	Erythranthe corallina
Phenology	Flowering Mar–May.	Flowering (May–)Jun–Aug.
Habitat	Steep marble outcrops in soil pockets, moss covered marble and quartzite ledges, cracks, fractures, weathered faces, chamise chaparral or blue oak woodlands.	Creek banks, moraine water courses, bogs, marshes, wet meadows, roadside ditches.
Elevation	300–1300 m. (1000–4300 ft.)	(1400–)1700–2700(–3000) m. ((4600–)5600–8900(–9800) ft.)
Distribution	CA [WildflowerSearch map]	CA; NV
Discussion	Erythranthe norrisii is known only from the Kaweah River drainage; most populations are in Sequoia National Park in Tulare County. The species is characterized by its short-petiolate leaves with attenuate bases, very large corollas with red splotches at the base of each lobe and two white patches on the abaxial limb, and very short, purple-dotted calyces with rounded-thickened ribs and linear-oblong lobes incurved in fruit. The capsules often are slightly exserted. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Erythranthe corallina is a morphologically consistent entity that occurs only in the Sierra Nevada of California and adjacent Nevada (Washoe County and Carson City). Its chromosome number is reported as 2n = 48 and 56, compared to 2n = 28 and 56 in E. tilingii; identities of the E. corallina vouchers should be rechecked and additional counts made, since the occurrence of such wide dysploidy seems unlikely. Compared to the leaf blades of E. tilingii in the strict sense, those of E. corallina are relatively broader (broadly ovate to orbicular-ovate), the plants generally taller, and long-pedicellate flowers occasionally are produced from mid stem or even proximal nodes. The hirsutulous to hirsute vestiture of eglandular hairs on both leaf surfaces is a reliably diagnostic feature and usually easily observed with a 10× lens. Some plants of Erythranthe corallina from San Bernardino County, California, produce decumbent-ascending stems (4–10 cm) and ovate-triangular leaves (blade 5–10 × 3–6 mm), but the dense system of filiform rhizomes, flowers one to three, and hirtellous foliar vestiture serve to identify them. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 405.	FNA vol. 17, p. 410.
Parent taxa	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms	Mimulus norrisii	Mimulus corallinus, M. minusculus, M. tilingii var. corallinus
Name authority	(Heckard & Shevock) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012)	(Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe corallina

Kaweah monkeyflower, Norris' monkeyflower

coralline monkeyflower

Habit

Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.

Perennials, rhizomatous, rhizomes often forming a mass, usually branching, filiform.

Stems

ascending to erect-ascending, geniculate at nodes, usually branched from proximal nodes, 2–15(–25) cm, villous-glandular.

usually erect to ascending-erect, few-branched, 6–25(–38) cm, moderately hirsute to hirtellous, hairs deflexed.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiole 5–10(–15) mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, sometimes with 1–3 distal vein pairs diverging pinnately, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 20–35 × 10–20 mm, base usually attenuate, margins subentire to distally denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular.

basal and cauline, becoming larger distally or even-sized;

petiole 0 mm or proximals 1–15 mm;

blade palmately 5-veined, ovate to broadly ovate, 15–45 mm, base mostly truncate to shallowly cordate, margins sharply dentate-serrate, apex obtuse, surfaces hirtellous to softly hirsute, hairs ascending, straight, dull gray, sharp-pointed, thick-walled, eglandular.

Flowers

herkogamous, 1–5, from medial to distal nodes.

herkogamous, 1–3(–6), commonly solitary or from distal nodes.

Styles

glabrous.

sparsely hirtellous.

Corollas

yellow, base of each lobe with a prominent maroon splotch, abaxial limb with white patch at 2 sinus bases, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular;

tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 12–16 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 15–30 mm, lobes oblong-obovate to orbicular-obovate, apex rounded-truncate.

yellow, red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate;

tube-throat narrowly funnelform to broadly cylindric, 13–20 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 12–22 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

20–35(–50) mm, villous-glandular.

(10–)25–75 mm, glabrous or puberulent proximally, hairs stipitate-glandular.

Fruiting calyces

red-dotted, campanulate, weakly inflated, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs rounded-thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, often incurved, linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded to blunt.

sometimes purple-spotted, broadly cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 11–15 mm, glabrous, throat not closing, proximal lobe pair slightly upcurving.

Capsules

usually slightly exserted, 4–6 mm.

included, stipitate, 7–10 mm.

Anthers

included, glabrous.

= 32.

= 48, 56.

Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe corallina

Phenology

Flowering Mar–May.

Flowering (May–)Jun–Aug.

Habitat

Steep marble outcrops in soil pockets, moss covered marble and quartzite ledges, cracks, fractures, weathered faces, chamise chaparral or blue oak woodlands.

Creek banks, moraine water courses, bogs, marshes, wet meadows, roadside ditches.

Elevation

300–1300 m. (1000–4300 ft.)

(1400–)1700–2700(–3000) m. ((4600–)5600–8900(–9800) ft.)

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

CA; NV

Discussion

Erythranthe norrisii is known only from the Kaweah River drainage; most populations are in Sequoia National Park in Tulare County. The species is characterized by its short-petiolate leaves with attenuate bases, very large corollas with red splotches at the base of each lobe and two white patches on the abaxial limb, and very short, purple-dotted calyces with rounded-thickened ribs and linear-oblong lobes incurved in fruit. The capsules often are slightly exserted.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe corallina is a morphologically consistent entity that occurs only in the Sierra Nevada of California and adjacent Nevada (Washoe County and Carson City). Its chromosome number is reported as 2n = 48 and 56, compared to 2n = 28 and 56 in E. tilingii; identities of the E. corallina vouchers should be rechecked and additional counts made, since the occurrence of such wide dysploidy seems unlikely. Compared to the leaf blades of E. tilingii in the strict sense, those of E. corallina are relatively broader (broadly ovate to orbicular-ovate), the plants generally taller, and long-pedicellate flowers occasionally are produced from mid stem or even proximal nodes. The hirsutulous to hirsute vestiture of eglandular hairs on both leaf surfaces is a reliably diagnostic feature and usually easily observed with a 10× lens.

Some plants of Erythranthe corallina from San Bernardino County, California, produce decumbent-ascending stems (4–10 cm) and ovate-triangular leaves (blade 5–10 × 3–6 mm), but the dense system of filiform rhizomes, flowers one to three, and hirtellous foliar vestiture serve to identify them.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 405.

FNA vol. 17, p. 410.

Parent taxa

Phrymaceae > Erythranthe

Sibling taxa

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

Synonyms

Mimulus norrisii

Mimulus corallinus, M. minusculus, M. tilingii var. corallinus

Name authority

(Heckard & Shevock) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012)

(Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America

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Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe corallina

Erythranthe norrisii

Erythranthe corallina