Erythranthe moschata |
Erythranthe parvula |
|
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mimule musqué, musk monkeyflower, musk-flower, musk-plant, sticky monkey-flower |
Southwestern mat monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes. | Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes rooting at nodes, mat-forming. |
Stems | erect, sometimes ascending to decumbent, simple or branched, (2–)5–20 cm, nodes 2–4(or 5), glabrate to glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–2 mm, gland-tipped, internodes evident. |
procumbent, branched, 5–15 cm, stipitate-glandular distally. |
Leaves | usually cauline, basal not persistent, distinctly separated; petiole 0 mm or (0.5–)1–5(–10) mm; blade pinnately veined, oblong-ovate to ovate, (10–)15–40(–50) × 5–25 mm, base obtuse-cuneate to truncate, rounded or subcordate, subclasping to sessile, margins coarsely serrate-dentate to denticulate or subentire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrate to glandular-villous. |
cauline; petiole 1–4 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, ovate to orbicular-ovate or depressed-ovate, 3–11 × 3–9 mm, base truncate to cuneate, margins shallowly denticulate to dentate, teeth 3–5 per side, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-hirsute, hairs whitish, thickened, flattened, stiff, gland-tipped. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–8, from medial to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 2–8, axillary at distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, throat with fine red to blackish or brown lines extending onto lobes, red to brown dots in throat and lobes present or absent, bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, bilabiate or nearly regular; tube-throat narrowly funnelform, 11–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes oblong-obovate, apex rounded to notched. |
yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 6–8 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 4–6 mm, abaxial limb spreading, lobes fimbriate. |
Fruiting pedicels | (7–)10–25 mm, glabrate to glandular-villous. |
7–15 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | ridge- to wing-angled, campanulate to cylindric-campanulate, weakly or not inflated, 6–13 mm, villous to glandular-villous, lobes erect to spreading-recurving, strongly unequal to subequal, triangular to linear-lanceolate or narrowly triangular-acuminate, 2–4 mm, apex acute to obtuse. |
nodding 45–90º, 5-lobed, cylindric-ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 4–5 mm, villous-hirsute, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 6–8 mm. |
included, 3–4 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous or slightly hirtellous to scabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
= 32. |
Erythranthe moschata |
Erythranthe parvula |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Sep. |
Habitat | Springs and seeps, creek edges, moist meadows, ditches, along trails, roadsides, rocky ridges, granite outcrops, shaded and wet places in sagebrush, aspen, fir, spruce-fir, lodgepole pine forests, meadows. | Wet vertical rock faces, ledges, and rocky slopes, seepy wash banks. |
Elevation | (300–)400–3100 m. ((1000–)1300–10200 ft.) | 500–2400(–3400) m. (1600–7900(–11200) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; CO; CT; ID; MA; ME; MI; MT; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM [Introduced in South America (Chile), Europe, e Asia (Japan), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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AZ; NM; Mexico (Sonora) |
Discussion | Earlier segregation of Erythranthe moniliformis as distinct from E. moschata (for example, G. L. Nesom 2012g) emphasized a primarily erect habit and tendency toward sessile to subsessile and more densely arranged cauline leaves in E. moniliformis versus a decumbent to procumbent habit and consistently petiolate leaves on longer internodes in E. moschata. Discontinuities in morphology, geography, and ecology were not confirmed in later study by Nesom (2017). Rhizomes with small, tuberlike swellings can be observed over the whole moschata/moniliformis range, and there apparently are no consistent distinctions in vestiture and corolla size. Mimulus acutidens Reiche (1911), a later homonym of M. acutidens Greene, pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
All monkeyflowers with laciniate-lobed corollas have generally been identified as Mimulus dentilobus B. L. Robinson & Fernald, but these occur as three, morphologically distinct, widely allopatric population systems, each of which is regarded as a separate species (G. L. Nesom 2012g). Erythranthe dentiloba (B. L. Robinson & Fernald) G. L. Nesom, which is endemic to Mexico, is the only one of the three with an allogamous breeding system. Erythranthe parvula is restricted to Arizona and New Mexico except for one locality in northern Sonora, Mexico. Erythranthe chinatiensis is the third species of the group. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 401. | FNA vol. 17, p. 424. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus moschatus, E. inodora, E. moniliformis, M. crinitus, M. guttatus var. moschatus, M. inodorus, M. leibergii, M. macranthus, M. moniliformis, M. moschatus var. longiflorus, M. moschatus var. moniliformis, M. moschatus var. pallidiflorus | Mimulus parvulus |
Name authority | (Douglas ex Lindley) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | (Wooton & Standley) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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