Erythranthe linearifolia |
Erythranthe grandis |
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primrose monkeyflower, threadleaf primrose monkeyflower |
large monkey-flower, magnificent monkeyflower, magnificent seep monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, densely cespitose, forming large patches and turfs 0.3–1 m diam. | Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes rooting at proximal nodes. |
Stems | erect to ascending, simple, 2–10 cm, sparsely hirsute and stipitate-glandular, internodes shortened. |
erect, sometimes decumbent basally, branched, often fistulose, (25–)50–120(–160) cm, densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs. |
Leaves | basal or near basal, sometimes proximal cauline, subrosulate; petiole 0 mm; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined, linear to narrowly oblanceolate, 15–50 × 1.5–5 mm, base long-cuneate, often subclasping, margins entire, dentate-serrate, or distally dentate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous or adaxial sparsely short-pilose, eglandular. |
basal and cauline, basal usually not persistent, bracteate in inflorescence; petiole 10–80 mm, gradually reduced distally; blade subpinnately, sometimes palmately, 5–7-veined, ovate to broadly elliptic, 25–60 × 20–40(–60) mm, usually 1–2 times longer than wide, base truncate or truncate-cuneate to subcordate, margins crenulate to dentate, proximally sometimes sublyrate, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces of distals densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1. |
herkogamous, 8–26, mostly from distal nodes, usually in bracteate racemes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow, red-spotted or -striped, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate, loosely hirsute on abaxial side of opening; tube-throat narrowly campanulate, 18–22 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes broadly obovate-oblong, apex rounded- or truncate-notched, throat open. |
yellow, red-dotted within, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform, (14–)16–24 mm, exserted (8–)10–15 mm beyond calyx margin; limb broadly expanded. |
Fruiting pedicels | (40–)65–85(–120) mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular near base. |
10–35 mm, densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs. |
Fruiting calyces | winged- or plicate-angled, tubular-campanulate, weakly or not inflated, 9–10(–12) mm, glabrous. |
straight-erect or nodding 45–100º, ovate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 15–22(–25) mm, densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 6–7 mm. |
included, 8–12 mm. |
Anthers | included or slightly exserted, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 28. |
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Erythranthe linearifolia |
Erythranthe grandis |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul(–Sep). |
Habitat | Wet banks, Darlingtonia seeps and bogs, seepages in serpentine talus. | Beaches, dunes, coastal bluffs, wet cliff faces, mud flats and seeps, marshes, drainage ditches, creeks, rarely in coastal sage scrub. |
Elevation | 600–2800 m. (2000–9200 ft.) | 0–200(–800) m. (0–700(–2600) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Erythranthe linearifolia is endemic to serpentine substrates in Shasta, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties; typical E. primuloides occurs in the same area but not on serpentine. Erythranthe linearifolia is distinct from E. primuloides especially in its narrow leaves and cespitose habit. A collection from Tulare County appears to be E. linearifolia (Shevock 10597, CAS), but this appears to be far out of range and the voucher should be reexamined; it probably is better identified as an unusual collection of E. primuloides. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The densely, evenly puberulent vestiture of pedicels, calyces, and distal stems usually is diagnostic, especially in combination with the large flowers (corollas and mature calyces) and tall stature. Plants from scattered collections are much shorter than normal but have large corollas and characteristic vestiture. Erythranthe grandis characteristically occurs in coastal localities from southern California to northern Oregon but also is found in inland localities and habitats near the coast but well away from salt spray. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 390. | FNA vol. 17, p. 412. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus primuloides var. linearifolius, M. linearifolius, M. primuloides subsp. linearifolius | Mimulus guttatus var. grandis, M. grandis, M. guttatus subsp. litoralis, M. langsdorffii var. grandis, M. procerus |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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