Erythranthe lewisii |
Erythranthe norrisii |
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great purple monkey-flower, great purple or Lewis' monkeyflower, Lewis' monkey flower, pink monkey-flower, purple monkey-flower |
Kaweah monkeyflower, Norris' monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. |
Stems | erect, usually simple, (15–)25–60(–75) cm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
ascending to erect-ascending, geniculate at nodes, usually branched from proximal nodes, 2–15(–25) cm, villous-glandular. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic to ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or broadly oblanceolate, (10–)25–75(–90) × 5–35 mm, base rounded to cuneate, subclasping, margins denticulate, subentire, or entire, apex acute, surfaces stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
basal and cauline; petiole 5–10(–15) mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, sometimes with 1–3 distal vein pairs diverging pinnately, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 20–35 × 10–20 mm, base usually attenuate, margins subentire to distally denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–6(–10), axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–5, from medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | purple, rarely crimson, pale violet, white, pinkish white, yellowish white, or lavender, sometimes lined with red dots, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 22–28 mm, exserted beyond calyx margins; lobe apex usually truncate to shallowly convex, shallowly retuse, throat open. |
yellow, base of each lobe with a prominent maroon splotch, abaxial limb with white patch at 2 sinus bases, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 12–16 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 15–30 mm, lobes oblong-obovate to orbicular-obovate, apex rounded-truncate. |
Fruiting pedicels | (25–)35–70 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
20–35(–50) mm, villous-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, 15–22 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous, tube 12–15(–17) × 9–12 mm. |
red-dotted, campanulate, weakly inflated, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs rounded-thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, often incurved, linear-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded to blunt. |
Capsules | included, 6–11 mm. |
usually slightly exserted, 4–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 16. |
= 32. |
Erythranthe lewisii |
Erythranthe norrisii |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Stream banks, springs, wet meadows, subalpine slopes, talus, crevices, ditches. | Steep marble outcrops in soil pockets, moss covered marble and quartzite ledges, cracks, fractures, weathered faces, chamise chaparral or blue oak woodlands. |
Elevation | 600–2900(–3200) m. (2000–9500(–10500) ft.) | 300–1300 m. (1000–4300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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CA
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Discussion | Erythranthe lewisii in California occurs in Modoc, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties. California records from Shasta County and south previously identified as E. lewisii are identified here as E. erubescens. The record for E. lewisii in Alaska is documented by this collection: Hyder [noted on handwritten label as "New to Alaska, Standley"], damp land, 27 June 1924, K. Whited 1291 (MO). Apparent exceptions to the characteristic flower color are these: white to lavender in Nevada (Clark County, Charleston Mountains, Train 2068, MO); pinkish white in Washington (Skamania and Yakima counties, Mt. Paddo, Suksdorf 5779, MO); white or tinged with yellow, in Wyoming (Teton County, as described by Nelson in the protologue of Mimulus lewisii var. tetonensis). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe norrisii is known only from the Kaweah River drainage; most populations are in Sequoia National Park in Tulare County. The species is characterized by its short-petiolate leaves with attenuate bases, very large corollas with red splotches at the base of each lobe and two white patches on the abaxial limb, and very short, purple-dotted calyces with rounded-thickened ribs and linear-oblong lobes incurved in fruit. The capsules often are slightly exserted. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 392. | FNA vol. 17, p. 405. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus lewisii, M. lewisii var. tetonensis | Mimulus norrisii |
Name authority | (Pursh) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) | (Heckard & Shevock) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012) |
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