Erythranthe lewisii |
Erythranthe jungermannioides |
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great purple monkey-flower, great purple or Lewis' monkeyflower, Lewis' monkey flower, pink monkey-flower, purple monkey-flower |
Jungermann's monkeyflower, liverwort monkey-flower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Perennials, stoloniferous, stolons thin, forming overwintering turions. |
Stems | erect, usually simple, (15–)25–60(–75) cm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
decumbent to procumbent, simple or branching near base, 5–38(–60) cm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped, internodes evident. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic to ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or broadly oblanceolate, (10–)25–75(–90) × 5–35 mm, base rounded to cuneate, subclasping, margins denticulate, subentire, or entire, apex acute, surfaces stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 2–5(–20) mm; blade subpalmately to pinnately veined, broadly ovate to broadly lanceolate, 7–35(–40) × 8–25 mm, base rounded, margins sharply, irregularly dentate to denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glandular-villous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–6(–10), axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2 or 3, from medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
scabrous. |
Corollas | purple, rarely crimson, pale violet, white, pinkish white, yellowish white, or lavender, sometimes lined with red dots, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 22–28 mm, exserted beyond calyx margins; lobe apex usually truncate to shallowly convex, shallowly retuse, throat open. |
yellow, with scattered red spots, palate ridges with 2 white patches at tips, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, (12–)16–20(–24) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to truncate. |
Fruiting pedicels | (25–)35–70 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
15–35 mm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, 15–22 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous, tube 12–15(–17) × 9–12 mm. |
plicate-angled, cylindric-urceolate, weakly inflated, 6–12 mm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped, lobes 1–2 mm, apex rounded to mucronate. |
Capsules | included, 6–11 mm. |
included, 5–9 mm. |
Anthers | included, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 16. |
= 32. |
Erythranthe lewisii |
Erythranthe jungermannioides |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering May–Jul(–Aug). |
Habitat | Stream banks, springs, wet meadows, subalpine slopes, talus, crevices, ditches. | Basalt crevices in seepage zones in vertical cliff faces and canyon walls. |
Elevation | 600–2900(–3200) m. (2000–9500(–10500) ft.) | 100–400(–1200) m. (300–1300(–3900) ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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OR; WA
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Discussion | Erythranthe lewisii in California occurs in Modoc, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties. California records from Shasta County and south previously identified as E. lewisii are identified here as E. erubescens. The record for E. lewisii in Alaska is documented by this collection: Hyder [noted on handwritten label as "New to Alaska, Standley"], damp land, 27 June 1924, K. Whited 1291 (MO). Apparent exceptions to the characteristic flower color are these: white to lavender in Nevada (Clark County, Charleston Mountains, Train 2068, MO); pinkish white in Washington (Skamania and Yakima counties, Mt. Paddo, Suksdorf 5779, MO); white or tinged with yellow, in Wyoming (Teton County, as described by Nelson in the protologue of Mimulus lewisii var. tetonensis). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The occurrence of Erythranthe jungermannioides in the Columbia River Gorge of Klickitat County, Washington (the only record from the state of Washington), is based on an imprecise, unconfirmed observation from the early 1990s (Washington National Heritage Program 2005). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 392. | FNA vol. 17, p. 396. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus lewisii, M. lewisii var. tetonensis | Mimulus jungermannioides |
Name authority | (Pursh) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) | (Suksdorf) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) |
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