Erythranthe lewisii |
Erythranthe geyeri |
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great purple monkey-flower, great purple or Lewis' monkeyflower, Lewis' monkey flower, pink monkey-flower, purple monkey-flower |
Geyer's monkeyflower, mimule de James |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at nodes. |
Stems | erect, usually simple, (15–)25–60(–75) cm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
decumbent-ascending to ascending or erect-ascending, branched, (3–)10–40 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic to ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or broadly oblanceolate, (10–)25–75(–90) × 5–35 mm, base rounded to cuneate, subclasping, margins denticulate, subentire, or entire, apex acute, surfaces stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 3–10(–20) mm or 0 mm distally; blade palmately 3–5-veined, suborbicular to depressed-ovate or broadly elliptic-ovate to reniform, 6–25 mm, relatively even-sized or largest often at mid stem, bracteal reduced, base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, margins shallowly dentate to crenate-dentate, teeth 3–7(–10) per side, apex rounded, adaxial surface of distals sparsely short villous-glandular or glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–6(–10), axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 2–8(–12), from distal nodes, sometimes from most nodes, very loosely racemose. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | purple, rarely crimson, pale violet, white, pinkish white, yellowish white, or lavender, sometimes lined with red dots, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 22–28 mm, exserted beyond calyx margins; lobe apex usually truncate to shallowly convex, shallowly retuse, throat open. |
yellow, sparsely red-dotted or not, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 6–8 mm, exserted 1–3 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 5–8 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | (25–)35–70 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
18–30 mm, sparsely short villous-glandular or glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, 15–22 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous, tube 12–15(–17) × 9–12 mm. |
obtriangular to broadly obtriangular or deeply cupulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, (7–)8–12 mm, sparsely short villous-glandular or glabrous, throat not closing, lateral lobes shallowly convex-mucronulate, adaxial ovate with apex rounded. |
Capsules | included, 6–11 mm. |
included, (4.5–)5–8 mm. |
Anthers | included, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 16. |
= 30. |
Erythranthe lewisii |
Erythranthe geyeri |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering May–Aug(–Oct). |
Habitat | Stream banks, springs, wet meadows, subalpine slopes, talus, crevices, ditches. | Edges of flowing streams, marsh edges, drainage ditches, seepage areas, springs, muddy or moist banks. |
Elevation | 600–2900(–3200) m. (2000–9500(–10500) ft.) | 200–2500 m. (700–8200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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AZ; CO; IA; IL; KS; MI; MN; MO; NE; NM; OK; PA; SD; TX; WI; WY; AB; MB; ON; QC; SK; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, México, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
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Discussion | Erythranthe lewisii in California occurs in Modoc, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties. California records from Shasta County and south previously identified as E. lewisii are identified here as E. erubescens. The record for E. lewisii in Alaska is documented by this collection: Hyder [noted on handwritten label as "New to Alaska, Standley"], damp land, 27 June 1924, K. Whited 1291 (MO). Apparent exceptions to the characteristic flower color are these: white to lavender in Nevada (Clark County, Charleston Mountains, Train 2068, MO); pinkish white in Washington (Skamania and Yakima counties, Mt. Paddo, Suksdorf 5779, MO); white or tinged with yellow, in Wyoming (Teton County, as described by Nelson in the protologue of Mimulus lewisii var. tetonensis). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe geyeri has commonly been regarded as conspecific with E. glabrata (Kunth) G. L. Nesom (as Mimulus glabratus var. jamesii), but typical E. glabrata has a different chromosome number and distinct morphology and its range does not reach the United States. In Mexico, the two species are broadly sympatric without intermediates. An allozyme study of the M. glabratus complex (R. K. Vickery 1990) indicated that the Great Plains populations of E. geyeri are distinct from those in New Mexico and Mexico, corresponding to a difference in pedicel vestiture. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 392. | FNA vol. 17, p. 406. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus lewisii, M. lewisii var. tetonensis | Mimulus geyeri, M. glabratus var. fremontii, M. glabratus var. jamesii, M. glabratus var. oklahomensis, M. jamesii, M. jamesii var. fremontii |
Name authority | (Pursh) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) | (Torrey) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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