Erythranthe latidens |
Erythranthe jungermannioides |
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broad-tooth monkeyflower |
Jungermann's monkeyflower, liverwort monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Perennials, stoloniferous, stolons thin, forming overwintering turions. |
Stems | ascending to ascending-erect, geniculate at nodes, usually many-branched from base, 3–10(–25) cm, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
decumbent to procumbent, simple or branching near base, 5–38(–60) cm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped, internodes evident. |
Leaves | basal and cauline, largest at base or near mid stem, sometimes unreduced in size up to distalmost nodes; petiole 0 mm; cauline blade palmately 3(–5)-veined, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 8–26(–35) mm, base abruptly cuneate to rounded, sometimes subauriculate, margins entire or barely mucronulate to shallowly dentate-mucronulate, teeth or mucronulae 1–3 per side, apex acute to rounded, surfaces short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 2–5(–20) mm; blade subpalmately to pinnately veined, broadly ovate to broadly lanceolate, 7–35(–40) × 8–25 mm, base rounded, margins sharply, irregularly dentate to denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glandular-villous. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, (1–)3–12, from medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2 or 3, from medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
scabrous. |
Corollas | white to pinkish or flesh colored, rarely yellowish, throat and abaxial lobes red-spotted, nearly radially symmetric; tube-throat cylindric, 5–6(–8) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb barely widened, lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded. |
yellow, with scattered red spots, palate ridges with 2 white patches at tips, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, (12–)16–20(–24) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to truncate. |
Fruiting pedicels | straight, 11–28 mm, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
15–35 mm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped. |
Fruiting calyces | purplish, prominently 5-angled, tubular-campanulate or ovoid-ellipsoid, strongly inflated, 8–12 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, lobes pronounced, erect. |
plicate-angled, cylindric-urceolate, weakly inflated, 6–12 mm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped, lobes 1–2 mm, apex rounded to mucronate. |
Capsules | included, 6–7 mm. |
included, 5–9 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
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Erythranthe latidens |
Erythranthe jungermannioides |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jul(–Aug). |
Habitat | Drained flats or slopes subject to vernal inundation, depressions in open fields, bare clay soils, vacant lots, roadsides. | Basalt crevices in seepage zones in vertical cliff faces and canyon walls. |
Elevation | 10–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) | 100–400(–1200) m. (300–1300(–3900) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
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OR; WA
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Discussion | The distinction between Erythranthe latidens and E. inflatula sometimes seems arbitrary, perhaps because of gene exchange where they are sympatric in northwestern California. Erythranthe latidens in Oregon is known only from southern Harney County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The occurrence of Erythranthe jungermannioides in the Columbia River Gorge of Klickitat County, Washington (the only record from the state of Washington), is based on an imprecise, unconfirmed observation from the early 1990s (Washington National Heritage Program 2005). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 400. | FNA vol. 17, p. 396. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus inconspicuus var. latidens, M. latidens | Mimulus jungermannioides |
Name authority | (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | (Suksdorf) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) |
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