Erythranthe latidens |
Erythranthe arenaria |
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broad-tooth monkeyflower |
sand-loving monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. |
Stems | ascending to ascending-erect, geniculate at nodes, usually many-branched from base, 3–10(–25) cm, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, simple or branched, 5–20 cm, villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped. |
Leaves | basal and cauline, largest at base or near mid stem, sometimes unreduced in size up to distalmost nodes; petiole 0 mm; cauline blade palmately 3(–5)-veined, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 8–26(–35) mm, base abruptly cuneate to rounded, sometimes subauriculate, margins entire or barely mucronulate to shallowly dentate-mucronulate, teeth or mucronulae 1–3 per side, apex acute to rounded, surfaces short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
basal and cauline; petiole 0 mm or proximals 1–3(–5) mm; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 5–12(–17) × 3–7 mm, base rounded to cuneate-attenuate, margins entire or sparsely dentate to serrate, apex acuminate to acute or obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, (1–)3–12, from medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–22, from proximal to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | white to pinkish or flesh colored, rarely yellowish, throat and abaxial lobes red-spotted, nearly radially symmetric; tube-throat cylindric, 5–6(–8) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb barely widened, lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded. |
yellow, abaxial limb red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 9–12(–14) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded. |
Fruiting pedicels | straight, 11–28 mm, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
divergent-arcuate, 10–23 mm, villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped. |
Fruiting calyces | purplish, prominently 5-angled, tubular-campanulate or ovoid-ellipsoid, strongly inflated, 8–12 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, lobes pronounced, erect. |
usually red-dotted, narrowly campanulate, not or weakly inflated, 5–7(–9) mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs angled, lobes pronounced, erect. |
Capsules | included, 6–7 mm. |
included, 4–7 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
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Erythranthe latidens |
Erythranthe arenaria |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | Drained flats or slopes subject to vernal inundation, depressions in open fields, bare clay soils, vacant lots, roadsides. | Sandy flats, bars, gullies, washes, trails, roadcuts, seasonal creek beds and drainages, rocky slopes, seepy loam, ditches, lake edges, meadows, openings in pine-fir and pine-oak woodlands. |
Elevation | 10–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) | (100–)500–2600(–2800) m. ((300–)1600–8500(–9200) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA
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Discussion | The distinction between Erythranthe latidens and E. inflatula sometimes seems arbitrary, perhaps because of gene exchange where they are sympatric in northwestern California. Erythranthe latidens in Oregon is known only from southern Harney County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe arenaria is known from a cluster of six counties of the central Sierra Nevada: Fresno, Madera, Mariposa, Merced, Tulare, and Tuolumne. Most plants of Erythranthe arenaria have relatively even-sized cauline leaves, all sessile to proximally subsessile. Plants in the Yosemite area with persistent basal leaves that are short-petiolate, ovate with a cuneate base, and relatively larger than the more distal cauline ones, and possibly related to E. arenaria, have been named M. floribundus var. subulatus. These might be construed as showing the influence of E. geniculata, but that species occurs only at the lower range of elevation of E. arenaria, while plants referable to Mimulus floribundus var. subulatus occur at least to 2300 m and also have the erect habit characteristic of E. arenaria. These variants should be investigated, especially in the Yosemite area where they appear to be relatively common, with the possibility that they indeed represent a distinct entity. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 400. | FNA vol. 17, p. 403. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus inconspicuus var. latidens, M. latidens | Mimulus arenarius, M. floribundus var. subulatus, M. multiflorus, M. subulatus, M. trisulcatus |
Name authority | (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | (A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) |
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