Erythranthe laciniata |
Erythranthe inamoena |
|
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cut-leaf monkeyflower |
Texas monkeyflower |
|
Habit | Annuals, slender-taprooted or fibrous-rooted. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted, rooting at proximal nodes, sometimes forming matlike colonies. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from base, 3–38 cm, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous, finely villosulous-glandular above nodes. |
decumbent to decumbent-ascending basally, becoming fully erect at least in inflorescence, simple, sometimes few-branched from proximal nodes, usually distinctly fistulose, 10–30 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline, basal deciduous by flowering; petiole 1–35 mm, distals 0 mm; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, oblanceolate, or oblong, 3–55 mm, longer than wide, base attenuate, margins narrowly pinnately lobed or dissected, sometimes merely shallowly toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrate. |
basal and cauline, basal sometimes deciduous by flowering; petiole: basal and proximals to mid cauline 10–70 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately veined, ovate to broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate, becoming subreniform distally, (5–)15–35(–60) mm, distal closely paired, auriculate-subclasping, base truncate to subcordate, margins dentate-serrate to shallowly dentate, teeth 5–11 per side, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, 2–8, from medial to distal nodes, chasmogamous, sometimes cleistogamous. |
plesiogamous, (6–)8–18(–24), often produced from all nodes, loosely to densely racemose, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, throat red-spotted, abaxial limb of larger usually with 1 large red splotch, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 4–6 mm, exserted 1–2 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 5–6 mm. |
yellow, red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric, 7–11 mm, exserted (1–)2–3(–4) mm beyond calyx margin; limb slightly expanded. |
Fruiting pedicels | nodding 30–140º at calyx base, 5–25 mm. |
9–20 mm, glabrous, rarely sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | red-spotted, cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–10 mm, glabrate, throat closing, lobes ca. equal size or adaxial slightly longer. |
purple-spotted, sometimes greenish, broadly cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–11 mm, glabrous, rarely minutely scabrous-hirtellous or sparsely stipitate-glandular, throat not closing, abaxial lobe slightly upcurving 10–45º, spreading 45º, or sometimes deflexed 40º. |
Capsules | included, stipitate, 5–7 mm. |
included, 4.5–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 28. |
= 60. |
Erythranthe laciniata |
Erythranthe inamoena |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul(–Aug). | Flowering Jan–Apr(–Sep). |
Habitat | Cracks, depressions, and seeps in granite outcrops, ledges, talus and scree, rocky streamsides, rocky slopes, roadsides, intermittent drainages. | Edge of seeps and creeks, mud or gravel, shallow running water, wet crevices, canyon drainages. |
Elevation | 900–2300(–3300) m. (3000–7500(–10800) ft.) | 100–2400 m. (300–7900 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila) |
Discussion | Erythranthe laciniata is known from Amador County south to Kern County. As in Erythranthe nasuta, the adaxial calyx lobe in E. laciniata tends to be narrowly lanceolate to triangular (noselike) and perceptibly falcate, curving slightly upward both in flower and in fruit. The adaxial lobe is not so prominently protruding as it often is in E. nasuta. Corolla size is variable in Erythranthe laciniata, but the size of those with an open throat (versus much reduced in size and apparently cleistogamous) is not strongly correlated with size of the individual plant, and all on one plant are about the same size (compare with E. nasuta). Corollas on some plants, however, are all or nearly all greatly reduced and apparently cleistogamous. Fertilization in even the larger corollas apparently is autogamous; the anther pairs are slightly separated or equal in level, and the stigma is in the middle of the anthers or at the level of the adaxial pair. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe inamoena is distinctive in its completely glabrous herbage, small corollas, flowers in racemes mostly at distal nodes and with reduced bracts, short and open-throated fruiting calyces, erect and fistulose stems, and apparent annual duration (fibrous-rooted but usually rooting at proximal cauline nodes). Presumably because of its autogamous reproduction, Erythranthe inamoena has been confused with E. cordata, especially in the trans-Pecos region of Texas, where the two are sympatric. In contrast to E. cordata, E. inamoena usually has glabrous pedicels and calyces, flowers often produced from all nodes, smaller calyces [(7–)8–11 mm] that do not close at maturity, and corollas with a shorter tube-throat (7–11 mm). Some populations in Brewster, Presidio, and Val Verde counties are identified here as Erythranthe inamoena (based on proximal-to-distal distribution of flowers and the short mature calyces with open throat) but have sparsely stipitate-glandular pedicels and calyces. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 419. | FNA vol. 17, p. 407. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus laciniatus, M. eisenii | Mimulus inamoenus, M. jamesii var. texensis |
Name authority | (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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