Erythranthe laciniata |
Erythranthe cordata |
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cut-leaf monkeyflower |
tinytooter monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, slender-taprooted or fibrous-rooted. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted, sometimes producing leafy runners from basal nodes, stems often rooting at proximal nodes and appearing rhizomelike. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from base, 3–38 cm, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous, finely villosulous-glandular above nodes. |
usually erect, usually simple, usually fistulose, 12–40(–100) cm, sparsely stipitate-glandular, hairs fine, gland-tipped. |
Leaves | cauline, basal deciduous by flowering; petiole 1–35 mm, distals 0 mm; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, oblanceolate, or oblong, 3–55 mm, longer than wide, base attenuate, margins narrowly pinnately lobed or dissected, sometimes merely shallowly toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrate. |
basal and cauline, basal persistent; petiole: basal and proximals 6–20(–40) mm, midcauline to distals 0 mm; blade not connate, palmately 3–5(–7)-veined, orbicular to broadly elliptic-ovate or oblong-elliptic, cauline becoming broadly ovate to narrowly reniform, basal and mid cauline 15–30(–50) mm, gradually reduced in size distally to 6 mm, basal largest, distal closely paired, auriculate-subclasping, base cuneate to truncate or shallowly cordate, margins shallowly, evenly to unevenly dentate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, 2–8, from medial to distal nodes, chasmogamous, sometimes cleistogamous. |
plesiogamous, (5–)10–16, at distal nodes, in bracteate racemes, chasmogamous or cleistogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, throat red-spotted, abaxial limb of larger usually with 1 large red splotch, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 4–6 mm, exserted 1–2 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 5–6 mm. |
yellow, red-spotted, abaxial limb deeper yellow, weakly bilaterally or radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or regular; tube-throat sometimes tubular and not opening (cleistogamous), 8–14 mm, exserted 1–3 mm beyond calyx margin; limb not expanded or expanded 9–14 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | nodding 30–140º at calyx base, 5–25 mm. |
10–30(–45) mm, longer than subtending leaves, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | red-spotted, cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–10 mm, glabrate, throat closing, lobes ca. equal size or adaxial slightly longer. |
nodding 45–90º, not red-dotted, broadly elliptic-ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, (8–)14–18(–20) mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular to hirsutulous, sometimes mixed glandular-hirsutulous, throat closing, adaxial lobe not distinctly longer than abaxial, not falcate. |
Capsules | included, stipitate, 5–7 mm. |
included, stipitate, 5–7 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 28. |
= 60. |
Erythranthe laciniata |
Erythranthe cordata |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul(–Aug). | Flowering (Jan–)Mar–Jun(–Nov). |
Habitat | Cracks, depressions, and seeps in granite outcrops, ledges, talus and scree, rocky streamsides, rocky slopes, roadsides, intermittent drainages. | Springs, seeps, stream edges, muddy banks, flood plains, marshes and swamps, wash bottoms, wet depressions, wet places among boulders. |
Elevation | 900–2300(–3300) m. (3000–7500(–10800) ft.) | (600–)800–2400(–3000) m. ((2000–)2600–7900(–9800) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; TX; UT
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Discussion | Erythranthe laciniata is known from Amador County south to Kern County. As in Erythranthe nasuta, the adaxial calyx lobe in E. laciniata tends to be narrowly lanceolate to triangular (noselike) and perceptibly falcate, curving slightly upward both in flower and in fruit. The adaxial lobe is not so prominently protruding as it often is in E. nasuta. Corolla size is variable in Erythranthe laciniata, but the size of those with an open throat (versus much reduced in size and apparently cleistogamous) is not strongly correlated with size of the individual plant, and all on one plant are about the same size (compare with E. nasuta). Corollas on some plants, however, are all or nearly all greatly reduced and apparently cleistogamous. Fertilization in even the larger corollas apparently is autogamous; the anther pairs are slightly separated or equal in level, and the stigma is in the middle of the anthers or at the level of the adaxial pair. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe cordata is characterized by its fibrous-rooted habit (annual in duration, without rhizomes but commonly rooting at the proximal nodes), short corollas and autogamous reproduction (anthers and stigma at the same level), closed calyces, sparsely villous-glandular vestiture (lacking hirtellous, eglandular hairs), and stems commonly fistulose in larger plants. The short corollas and other features of autogamous reproduction of E. cordata are diagnostic and prominent. Plants of E. cordata are highly variable in size, from tiny fibrous-rooted plants with nearly filiform stems to much larger individuals with fistulose stems rooting at proximal nodes. Erythranthe cordata and E. nasuta are sympatric in Arizona, southeastern New Mexico, and southern Utah, and small plants of each species may be similar in aspect, both with cleistogamous flowers and reduced vestiture. Erythranthe nasuta can be recognized by its distal and bracteal leaves with hirtellous to hirsutulous adaxial surfaces; a 10/x lens usually is required to see this feature, and it sometimes is most obvious around the leaf margins. The common name of Erythranthe cordata alludes to a fancied resemblance of the corollas to the horn of a diminutive trumpet. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 419. | FNA vol. 17, p. 422. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus laciniatus, M. eisenii | Mimulus cordatus, M. maguirei |
Name authority | (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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