Erythranthe jungermannioides |
Erythranthe regni |
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Jungermann's monkeyflower, liverwort monkey-flower |
King of Arizona monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, stoloniferous, stolons thin, forming overwintering turions. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted, sometimes rooting at proximal nodes. |
Stems | decumbent to procumbent, simple or branching near base, 5–38(–60) cm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped, internodes evident. |
erect to ascending-erect, branched, sometimes becoming slightly fistulose, 15–45 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 2–5(–20) mm; blade subpalmately to pinnately veined, broadly ovate to broadly lanceolate, 7–35(–40) × 8–25 mm, base rounded, margins sharply, irregularly dentate to denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glandular-villous. |
basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 5–25(–30) mm, mid cauline and distals not connate, 0 mm; blade palmately 5–7-veined, proximal sometimes subpinnate, proximals ovate to depressed-orbicular, 15–20(–50) × 15–25(–50) mm, medials and distals broadly depressed-ovate to obtriangular or flabellate, 15–35 mm, largest basal or at mid stem with distal slightly reduced, base attenuate-cuneate, margins shallowly serrate-dentate, sometimes irregularly, to mucronulate or apiculate, teeth (3–)5–7 per side, rarely subentire, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2 or 3, from medial to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 6–16, from all nodes or medial to distal, cleistogamous. |
Styles | scabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, with scattered red spots, palate ridges with 2 white patches at tips, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, (12–)16–20(–24) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to truncate. |
yellow, not red-dotted, bilaterally or radially symmetric, bilabiate or regular; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 9–12 mm, exserted 3–5 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 1–1.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | 15–35 mm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped. |
15–30 mm, longer than subtending leaves, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | plicate-angled, cylindric-urceolate, weakly inflated, 6–12 mm, densely glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–1.2(–1.5) mm, gland-tipped, lobes 1–2 mm, apex rounded to mucronate. |
sparsely purple-dotted, broadly campanulate-cylindric, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–9 mm, glabrous, throat not closing, adaxial lobe longest. |
Capsules | included, 5–9 mm. |
included, 4–5 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
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Erythranthe jungermannioides |
Erythranthe regni |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul(–Aug). | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Basalt crevices in seepage zones in vertical cliff faces and canyon walls. | Moist to wet, sandy loam soils. |
Elevation | 100–400(–1200) m. (300–1300(–3900) ft.) | 800–1000 m. (2600–3300 ft.) |
Distribution |
OR; WA
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AZ |
Discussion | The occurrence of Erythranthe jungermannioides in the Columbia River Gorge of Klickitat County, Washington (the only record from the state of Washington), is based on an imprecise, unconfirmed observation from the early 1990s (Washington National Heritage Program 2005). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe regni is endemic to the Kofa Mountains of Yuma County; all collections have been made from the Kofa Game Refuge (Kofa National Wildlife Refuge). Because its calyces remain open at maturity, this species is hypothesized to be most closely related to E. geyeri, from which it differs by its erect habit, apparently annual duration, larger leaves, purple-dotted calyces, and corollas with longer tube-throat and barely bilabiate limb. Geography and other morphology, however, suggest that its evolutionary origins are closer to E. guttata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 396. | FNA vol. 17, p. 406. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus jungermannioides | |
Name authority | (Suksdorf) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-40: 24. (2012) |
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