Flora of North America species comparison

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Erythranthe grandis

Erythranthe parvula

large monkey-flower, magnificent monkeyflower, magnificent seep monkeyflower

Southwestern mat monkeyflower
Habit Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes rooting at proximal nodes. Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes rooting at nodes, mat-forming.
Stems

erect, sometimes decumbent basally, branched, often fistulose, (25–)50–120(–160) cm, densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs.

procumbent, branched, 5–15 cm, stipitate-glandular distally.
Leaves

basal and cauline, basal usually not persistent, bracteate in inflorescence;

petiole 10–80 mm, gradually reduced distally;

blade subpinnately, sometimes palmately, 5–7-veined, ovate to broadly elliptic, 25–60 × 20–40(–60) mm, usually 1–2 times longer than wide, base truncate or truncate-cuneate to subcordate, margins crenulate to dentate, proximally sometimes sublyrate, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces of distals densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs.

cauline;

petiole 1–4 mm;

blade palmately 3-veined, ovate to orbicular-ovate or depressed-ovate, 3–11 × 3–9 mm, base truncate to cuneate, margins shallowly denticulate to dentate, teeth 3–5 per side, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces villous-hirsute, hairs whitish, thickened, flattened, stiff, gland-tipped.
Flowers

herkogamous, 8–26, mostly from distal nodes, usually in bracteate racemes.

plesiogamous, 2–8, axillary at distal nodes.
Styles

hirtellous.

glabrous.
Corollas

yellow, red-dotted within, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate;

tube-throat broadly funnelform, (14–)16–24 mm, exserted (8–)10–15 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb broadly expanded.

yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, 6–8 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 4–6 mm, abaxial limb spreading, lobes fimbriate.
Fruiting pedicels

10–35 mm, densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs.

7–15 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular.
Fruiting calyces

straight-erect or nodding 45–100º, ovate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 15–22(–25) mm, densely hirsutulous to softly hirtellous-puberulent to pilose-hirsutulous, hairs usually crinkly, and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous-puberulent and stipitate-glandular hairs, sometimes ± stipitate-glandular or glandular-villous without hirtellous-puberulent hairs, throat closing.

nodding 45–90º, 5-lobed, cylindric-ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 4–5 mm, villous-hirsute, throat closing.
Capsules

included, 8–12 mm.

included, 3–4 mm.
Anthers

included, glabrous.

included, glabrous.
2n

= 28.

= 32.

Erythranthe grandis

Erythranthe parvula
Phenology Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul(–Sep). Flowering Apr–Sep.
Habitat Beaches, dunes, coastal bluffs, wet cliff faces, mud flats and seeps, marshes, drainage ditches, creeks, rarely in coastal sage scrub. Wet vertical rock faces, ledges, and rocky slopes, seepy wash banks.
Elevation 0–200(–800) m. (0–700(–2600) ft.) 500–2400(–3400) m. (1600–7900(–11200) ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Sonora)
Discussion

The densely, evenly puberulent vestiture of pedicels, calyces, and distal stems usually is diagnostic, especially in combination with the large flowers (corollas and mature calyces) and tall stature. Plants from scattered collections are much shorter than normal but have large corollas and characteristic vestiture.

Erythranthe grandis characteristically occurs in coastal localities from southern California to northern Oregon but also is found in inland localities and habitats near the coast but well away from salt spray.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

All monkeyflowers with laciniate-lobed corollas have generally been identified as Mimulus dentilobus B. L. Robinson & Fernald, but these occur as three, morphologically distinct, widely allopatric population systems, each of which is regarded as a separate species (G. L. Nesom 2012g). Erythranthe dentiloba (B. L. Robinson & Fernald) G. L. Nesom, which is endemic to Mexico, is the only one of the three with an allogamous breeding system. Erythranthe parvula is restricted to Arizona and New Mexico except for one locality in northern Sonora, Mexico. Erythranthe chinatiensis is the third species of the group.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 412. FNA vol. 17, p. 424.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Erythranthe Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms Mimulus guttatus var. grandis, M. grandis, M. guttatus subsp. litoralis, M. langsdorffii var. grandis, M. procerus Mimulus parvulus
Name authority (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) (Wooton & Standley) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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