Erythranthe glaucescens |
Erythranthe moschata |
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shield-bract monkeyflower |
mimule musqué, musk monkeyflower, musk-flower, musk-plant, sticky monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals, slender-taprooted or fibrous-rooted, rarely with runners from basal nodes. | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched, terete, sometimes 4-angled distally, (5–)30–60(–80) cm, glabrous, glaucous. |
erect, sometimes ascending to decumbent, simple or branched, (2–)5–20 cm, nodes 2–4(or 5), glabrate to glandular-villous, hairs 0.5–2 mm, gland-tipped, internodes evident. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiole: basal and proximal cauline as long as or much longer than blade, slender, sometimes pubescent or villous, distals absent; blade palmately 3–5-veined, (proximal) ovate to ovate-elliptic or orbicular-ovate, sometimes subcordate, 10–50 mm, midcauline to distal orbicular, 5–45 mm wide, distinctly connate-perfoliate, disclike distally, base rounded to subcordate, margins: proximals denticulate to dentate or coarsely, irregularly toothed, sometimes lobed at base, distals nearly entire or toothed, teeth scattered, small, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous, glaucous. |
usually cauline, basal not persistent, distinctly separated; petiole 0 mm or (0.5–)1–5(–10) mm; blade pinnately veined, oblong-ovate to ovate, (10–)15–40(–50) × 5–25 mm, base obtuse-cuneate to truncate, rounded or subcordate, subclasping to sessile, margins coarsely serrate-dentate to denticulate or subentire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrate to glandular-villous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–16, from distal nodes, sometimes from nearly all, chasmogamous. |
herkogamous, 1–8, from medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely hirtellous-puberulent. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, sometimes with a median splotch, abaxial limb densely dark yellow, others much lighter, throat floor and tube red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 12–23 mm, exserted 4–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 14–36 mm. |
yellow, throat with fine red to blackish or brown lines extending onto lobes, red to brown dots in throat and lobes present or absent, bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, bilabiate or nearly regular; tube-throat narrowly funnelform, 11–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes oblong-obovate, apex rounded to notched. |
Fruiting pedicels | 10–50 mm, glabrous, glaucous. |
(7–)10–25 mm, glabrate to glandular-villous. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–16 mm, glabrous, glaucous, throat closing. |
ridge- to wing-angled, campanulate to cylindric-campanulate, weakly or not inflated, 6–13 mm, villous to glandular-villous, lobes erect to spreading-recurving, strongly unequal to subequal, triangular to linear-lanceolate or narrowly triangular-acuminate, 2–4 mm, apex acute to obtuse. |
Capsules | included, 5–11 mm. |
included, 6–8 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous or slightly hirtellous to scabrous. |
2n | = 28. |
= 32. |
Erythranthe glaucescens |
Erythranthe moschata |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May(–Jun). | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Seepage areas, wet rocks, moist cliffs, pool edges, gravelly stream banks, serpentine outcrops, roadsides and roadcuts, low pastures, riparian woodlands, blue oak woodlands, chaparral, grasslands. | Springs and seeps, creek edges, moist meadows, ditches, along trails, roadsides, rocky ridges, granite outcrops, shaded and wet places in sagebrush, aspen, fir, spruce-fir, lodgepole pine forests, meadows. |
Elevation | 80–900(–1100) m. (300–3000(–3600) ft.) | (300–)400–3100 m. ((1000–)1300–10200 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA; CO; CT; ID; MA; ME; MI; MT; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM [Introduced in South America (Chile), Europe, e Asia (Japan), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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Discussion | Plants from one locality in Butte County are unusual in producing filiform, small-leaved runners from basal cauline nodes. Erythranthe glaucescens is known only from Butte and Tehama counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Earlier segregation of Erythranthe moniliformis as distinct from E. moschata (for example, G. L. Nesom 2012g) emphasized a primarily erect habit and tendency toward sessile to subsessile and more densely arranged cauline leaves in E. moniliformis versus a decumbent to procumbent habit and consistently petiolate leaves on longer internodes in E. moschata. Discontinuities in morphology, geography, and ecology were not confirmed in later study by Nesom (2017). Rhizomes with small, tuberlike swellings can be observed over the whole moschata/moniliformis range, and there apparently are no consistent distinctions in vestiture and corolla size. Mimulus acutidens Reiche (1911), a later homonym of M. acutidens Greene, pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 417. | FNA vol. 17, p. 401. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus glaucescens, M. guttatus var. glaucescens | Mimulus moschatus, E. inodora, E. moniliformis, M. crinitus, M. guttatus var. moschatus, M. inodorus, M. leibergii, M. macranthus, M. moniliformis, M. moschatus var. longiflorus, M. moschatus var. moniliformis, M. moschatus var. pallidiflorus |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | (Douglas ex Lindley) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) |
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