Erythranthe glaucescens |
Erythranthe lewisii |
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shield-bract monkeyflower |
great purple monkey-flower, great purple or Lewis' monkeyflower, Lewis' monkey flower, pink monkey-flower, purple monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals, slender-taprooted or fibrous-rooted, rarely with runners from basal nodes. | Perennials, rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched, terete, sometimes 4-angled distally, (5–)30–60(–80) cm, glabrous, glaucous. |
erect, usually simple, (15–)25–60(–75) cm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiole: basal and proximal cauline as long as or much longer than blade, slender, sometimes pubescent or villous, distals absent; blade palmately 3–5-veined, (proximal) ovate to ovate-elliptic or orbicular-ovate, sometimes subcordate, 10–50 mm, midcauline to distal orbicular, 5–45 mm wide, distinctly connate-perfoliate, disclike distally, base rounded to subcordate, margins: proximals denticulate to dentate or coarsely, irregularly toothed, sometimes lobed at base, distals nearly entire or toothed, teeth scattered, small, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous, glaucous. |
cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic to ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or broadly oblanceolate, (10–)25–75(–90) × 5–35 mm, base rounded to cuneate, subclasping, margins denticulate, subentire, or entire, apex acute, surfaces stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–16, from distal nodes, sometimes from nearly all, chasmogamous. |
herkogamous, 2–6(–10), axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely hirtellous-puberulent. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, sometimes with a median splotch, abaxial limb densely dark yellow, others much lighter, throat floor and tube red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 12–23 mm, exserted 4–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 14–36 mm. |
purple, rarely crimson, pale violet, white, pinkish white, yellowish white, or lavender, sometimes lined with red dots, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 22–28 mm, exserted beyond calyx margins; lobe apex usually truncate to shallowly convex, shallowly retuse, throat open. |
Fruiting pedicels | 10–50 mm, glabrous, glaucous. |
(25–)35–70 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–16 mm, glabrous, glaucous, throat closing. |
broadly cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, 15–22 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous, tube 12–15(–17) × 9–12 mm. |
Capsules | included, 5–11 mm. |
included, 6–11 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
2n | = 28. |
= 16. |
Erythranthe glaucescens |
Erythranthe lewisii |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May(–Jun). | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Seepage areas, wet rocks, moist cliffs, pool edges, gravelly stream banks, serpentine outcrops, roadsides and roadcuts, low pastures, riparian woodlands, blue oak woodlands, chaparral, grasslands. | Stream banks, springs, wet meadows, subalpine slopes, talus, crevices, ditches. |
Elevation | 80–900(–1100) m. (300–3000(–3600) ft.) | 600–2900(–3200) m. (2000–9500(–10500) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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Discussion | Plants from one locality in Butte County are unusual in producing filiform, small-leaved runners from basal cauline nodes. Erythranthe glaucescens is known only from Butte and Tehama counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe lewisii in California occurs in Modoc, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties. California records from Shasta County and south previously identified as E. lewisii are identified here as E. erubescens. The record for E. lewisii in Alaska is documented by this collection: Hyder [noted on handwritten label as "New to Alaska, Standley"], damp land, 27 June 1924, K. Whited 1291 (MO). Apparent exceptions to the characteristic flower color are these: white to lavender in Nevada (Clark County, Charleston Mountains, Train 2068, MO); pinkish white in Washington (Skamania and Yakima counties, Mt. Paddo, Suksdorf 5779, MO); white or tinged with yellow, in Wyoming (Teton County, as described by Nelson in the protologue of Mimulus lewisii var. tetonensis). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 417. | FNA vol. 17, p. 392. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus glaucescens, M. guttatus var. glaucescens | Mimulus lewisii, M. lewisii var. tetonensis |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | (Pursh) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) |
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