Erythranthe geyeri |
Erythranthe floribunda |
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Geyer's monkeyflower, mimule de James |
many-flower monkey-flower, purple-stem monkey-flower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at nodes. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. |
Stems | decumbent-ascending to ascending or erect-ascending, branched, (3–)10–40 cm, glabrous. |
erect to decumbent, sometimes procumbent-trailing, straight or geniculate at nodes, simple or many-branched, 3–22(–40) cm, villous-glandular, hairs greatly variable in length and density, gland-tipped, sometimes 0.2–0.5 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 3–10(–20) mm or 0 mm distally; blade palmately 3–5-veined, suborbicular to depressed-ovate or broadly elliptic-ovate to reniform, 6–25 mm, relatively even-sized or largest often at mid stem, bracteal reduced, base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, margins shallowly dentate to crenate-dentate, teeth 3–7(–10) per side, apex rounded, adaxial surface of distals sparsely short villous-glandular or glabrous. |
cauline, basal mostly deciduous by flowering; petiole 1–12 mm; blade pinnately to subpalmately veined, ovate, (3–)8–25(–35) × (1–)5–18(–26) mm, base cuneate to truncate or cordate, margins serrate to sparsely dentate, apex acute, surfaces villous-glandular, hairs greatly variable in length and density, gland-tipped, sometimes 0.2–0.5 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, 2–8(–12), from distal nodes, sometimes from most nodes, very loosely racemose. |
plesiogamous, 1–20, from proximal to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, sparsely red-dotted or not, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 6–8 mm, exserted 1–3 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 5–8 mm. |
yellow, abaxial limb red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform-cylindric, (4–)5–10 mm, exserted slightly beyond calyx margin or not; limb expanded 3–4 mm diam., lobes usually oblong, apex notched. |
Fruiting pedicels | 18–30 mm, sparsely short villous-glandular or glabrous. |
5–20(–26) mm, villous-glandular, hairs greatly variable in length and density, gland-tipped, sometimes 0.2–0.5 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | obtriangular to broadly obtriangular or deeply cupulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, (7–)8–12 mm, sparsely short villous-glandular or glabrous, throat not closing, lateral lobes shallowly convex-mucronulate, adaxial ovate with apex rounded. |
greenish or purplish to red-dotted, cylindric, ± inflated, 4–7 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect. |
Capsules | included, (4.5–)5–8 mm. |
included, 4–7 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 30. |
= 32. |
Erythranthe geyeri |
Erythranthe floribunda |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug(–Oct). | Flowering (May–)Jun–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Edges of flowing streams, marsh edges, drainage ditches, seepage areas, springs, muddy or moist banks. | Under overhangs, moist roofs of caves, wet rock crevices, cliff faces, wet cliff bases, below waterfalls, seeps, springs, humus and moist soils over rocks and slabs, moist slopes, ditches and pond edges, wet edges of creeks and rivers, drying mud on margins of wetland depressions, creek beds, wet or swampy meadows, along trails, in lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine, ponderosa pine-Douglas fir, and spruce-fir woodlands. |
Elevation | 200–2500 m. (700–8200 ft.) | (100–)1800–2600(–3100) m. ((300–)5900–8500(–10200) ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; IA; IL; KS; MI; MN; MO; NE; NM; OK; PA; SD; TX; WI; WY; AB; MB; ON; QC; SK; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, México, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
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AR; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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Discussion | Erythranthe geyeri has commonly been regarded as conspecific with E. glabrata (Kunth) G. L. Nesom (as Mimulus glabratus var. jamesii), but typical E. glabrata has a different chromosome number and distinct morphology and its range does not reach the United States. In Mexico, the two species are broadly sympatric without intermediates. An allozyme study of the M. glabratus complex (R. K. Vickery 1990) indicated that the Great Plains populations of E. geyeri are distinct from those in New Mexico and Mexico, corresponding to a difference in pedicel vestiture. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Some plants identified here as Erythranthe floribunda in Arizona and southwestern New Mexico are distinctive in their prominently inflated calyces, sessile to subsessile leaves with attenuate bases and palmately three- to five-veined venation, and much-elongated pedicels (20–43 mm); numerous intermediates in Arizona make it difficult to conclude that the variants represent an entity discontinuous from plants of typical morphology. The variant morphology has not been observed among Mexican populations. Further discussion of this situation was given by G. L. Nesom (2012h). Erythranthe floribunda has been documented from 12 counties in northern Arkansas (Carroll, Cleburne, Crawford, Franklin, Izard, Johnson, Logan, Newton, Pope, Searcy, Stone, and Washington), where it occurs at 300–500 m. The unpublished name Mimulus floribundus subsp. moorei Iltis appears in various checklists in reference to the Arkansas plants, but there appears to be no basis for treating them as distinct from the rest of the species. Elsewhere in the main range (western states), scattered variants extremely reduced in size, leaves, flowers, and overall stature appear to be at the lower limits of the species rather than taxonomically distinct. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 406. | FNA vol. 17, p. 404. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus geyeri, M. glabratus var. fremontii, M. glabratus var. jamesii, M. glabratus var. oklahomensis, M. jamesii, M. jamesii var. fremontii | Mimulus floribundus, M. deltoideus, M. floribundus var. membranaceus, M. membranaceus, M. peduncularis, M. serotinus |
Name authority | (Torrey) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | (Lindley) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) |
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