Erythranthe geniculata |
Erythranthe scouleri |
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bent-stem monkeyflower, Dudley's monkeyflower |
Columbia River monkey-flower, Scouler's monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, producing long, sparsely leafy runners from basal nodes. |
Stems | ascending to decumbent or prostrate, geniculate at nodes, simple or diffusely branched, 5–60 cm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. |
erect, simple or few-branched, 15–80 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | basal and cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering; petiole 2–10(–35) mm; blade pinnately to subpinnately veined, broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate to triangular, 8–35 × 5–30 mm, base cuneate to rounded or subcordate, margins serrate or dentate, teeth 3–10 per side, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular, and 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. |
cauline, basal usually not persistent; petiole: proximals and medial 10–25 mm (gradually merging into blade), distals 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5–7-veined to subpinnate, (proximal to medial) oblong-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 25–60 × 8–18 mm, usually 3–4 times longer than wide, base attenuate, margins evenly, shallowly dentate or crenate to mucronate or mucronulate, teeth 10–20 per side, sometimes more deeply toothed at base, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, (1–)6–20, from all or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, (1 or)2–8, from distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
minutely, prominently hirsutulous to villosulous. |
Corollas | yellow, without white patches, throat red-spotted, spots concentrated or becoming coalescent into a somewhat discrete splotch at base of each of 3 abaxial lobes and sometimes 2 adaxial, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric, 9–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–18 mm diam. |
yellow, without red markings, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 20–24 mm, exserted 10–15 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 22–30 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | 12–26(–55) mm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. |
20–25 mm, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | red-spotted, campanulate-cylindric, weakly inflated, (5–)6–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely to moderately villous-glandular, ribs shallowly wing-angled, lobes pronounced, erect to spreading or spreading-recurving. |
ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 13–14 mm, glabrous, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 4–6(–7) mm. |
unknown. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
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Erythranthe geniculata |
Erythranthe scouleri |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jul. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Granite crevices, canyon slopes, talus, crevices in volcanic outcrops, edges of boulders, roadsides, damp sandy soils, sandy water edges, gravelly soils and creek bottoms. | Salt marshes, river banks. |
Elevation | 200–900(–1200) m. (700–3000(–3900) ft.) | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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OR; WA |
Discussion | Erythranthe geniculata is known from an apparently disjunct cluster of populations in Butte, Sutter, and Yuba counties and then from Tuolumne and Stanislaus counties south to Kern County. Erythranthe geniculata, compared to E. floribunda, has larger, chasmogamous, and allogamous flowers. The anther pairs of E. geniculata are at different levels, and the stigma is slightly above the adaxial anther pair; in E. floribunda both anther pairs and the stigma are at the same level. Erythranthe arenaria, E. geniculata, and E. norrisii constitute a group of apparently closely related species within sect. Mimulosma endemic along the Sierra Nevada. All have ovate-petiolate leaves (only the basal ones are sometimes ovate in E. arenaria) with pinnate to subpinnate venation. The more widespread E. floribunda, which is part of the above group, also is similar, but all three endemics have larger corollas with the tube exserted at greater length beyond the calyx margin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe scouleri is distinctive in its oblong-elliptic leaves with long-tapering bases and closely toothed margins, completely glabrous vestiture, long, leafy runners from basal cauline nodes, large corollas with broad limbs, and prominently hairy styles. Several features suggest a close relationship to E. decora, particularly its very large corollas, hairy styles, closely toothed leaf margins, tall, simple, and erect stems, numerous runners, and its geographic range. All collections apparently have been made near the mouth of the Columbia River in Clatsop and Columbia counties, Oregon (G. L. Nesom 2013d). Recent observations (Alexander John Wright, pers. comm.; photos http://www.inaturalist.org/observations/3537008) indicate that it also occurs in Wahkiakum County, Washington, in the Julia Butler Hansen Refuge. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 404. | FNA vol. 17, p. 415. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus geniculatus, M. dudleyi, M. floribundus var. geniculatus | Mimulus scouleri, M. guttatus subsp. scouleri |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | (Hooker) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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