Erythranthe geniculata |
Erythranthe marmorata |
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bent-stem monkeyflower, Dudley's monkeyflower |
Stanislaus monkeyflower, Whipple's monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | ascending to decumbent or prostrate, geniculate at nodes, simple or diffusely branched, 5–60 cm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. |
erect, simple or branched from base, 7–28 cm, usually moderately to densely villous-glandular, without eglandular hairs. |
Leaves | basal and cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering; petiole 2–10(–35) mm; blade pinnately to subpinnately veined, broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate to triangular, 8–35 × 5–30 mm, base cuneate to rounded or subcordate, margins serrate or dentate, teeth 3–10 per side, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular, and 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. |
usually cauline or basal persistent; petiole: proximals to medials 7–15 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5-veined, ovate or broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate or depressed-ovate, (10–)15–30 × 6–15 mm, base truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins shallowly to coarsely dentate, apex acute, surfaces usually moderately to densely villous-glandular, without eglandular hairs. |
Flowers | herkogamous, (1–)6–20, from all or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, (1–)2–6, axillary from middle to distal nodes, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous or sparsely hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow, without white patches, throat red-spotted, spots concentrated or becoming coalescent into a somewhat discrete splotch at base of each of 3 abaxial lobes and sometimes 2 adaxial, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric, 9–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–18 mm diam. |
yellow, throat red-spotted, abaxial limb base with a large red splotch, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly cylindric-funnelform, 10–12 mm, exserted 4–5 mm beyond calyx margin; limb abruptly expanded 14–20 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | 12–26(–55) mm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular. |
15–45 mm, usually moderately to densely villous-glandular, without eglandular hairs. |
Fruiting calyces | red-spotted, campanulate-cylindric, weakly inflated, (5–)6–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely to moderately villous-glandular, ribs shallowly wing-angled, lobes pronounced, erect to spreading or spreading-recurving. |
sharply nodding, usually densely purple-spotted, broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 9–12 mm, densely hirtellous, sometimes sparsely stipitate-glandular, densely villous at sinuses, throat closing, adaxial lobe ca. 2 times length of others. |
Capsules | included, 4–6(–7) mm. |
included, 6–9 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
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Erythranthe geniculata |
Erythranthe marmorata |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jul. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Granite crevices, canyon slopes, talus, crevices in volcanic outcrops, edges of boulders, roadsides, damp sandy soils, sandy water edges, gravelly soils and creek bottoms. | Habitat unknown, not over serpentine. |
Elevation | 200–900(–1200) m. (700–3000(–3900) ft.) | 100–900 m. (300–3000 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA |
Discussion | Erythranthe geniculata is known from an apparently disjunct cluster of populations in Butte, Sutter, and Yuba counties and then from Tuolumne and Stanislaus counties south to Kern County. Erythranthe geniculata, compared to E. floribunda, has larger, chasmogamous, and allogamous flowers. The anther pairs of E. geniculata are at different levels, and the stigma is slightly above the adaxial anther pair; in E. floribunda both anther pairs and the stigma are at the same level. Erythranthe arenaria, E. geniculata, and E. norrisii constitute a group of apparently closely related species within sect. Mimulosma endemic along the Sierra Nevada. All have ovate-petiolate leaves (only the basal ones are sometimes ovate in E. arenaria) with pinnate to subpinnate venation. The more widespread E. floribunda, which is part of the above group, also is similar, but all three endemics have larger corollas with the tube exserted at greater length beyond the calyx margin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe marmorata is recognized by its erect, taprooted habit and annual duration, villous-glandular vestiture, ovate-petiolate leaves, flowers from middle to distal nodes, long, narrow corolla tube-throat abruptly flaring into a broad limb, abaxial middle corolla lobe with a large red splotch, and fruiting calyces dark-spotted and sharply nodding. The species is known from foothills in Calaveras, Stanislaus, and Tuolumne counties in the Stanislaus River drainage and from Amador County in the Mokelumne River drainage. A collection from Fresno County appears to be somewhat disjunct from the main range, and the plants are more densely villous than characteristic elsewhere, but their identification as E. marmorata otherwise seems secure. Erythranthe marmorata (previously identified as Mimulus whipplei) had been considered extremely rare or even perhaps extinct. See G. L. Nesom (2013d) for citations of recent collections. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 404. | FNA vol. 17, p. 416. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus geniculatus, M. dudleyi, M. floribundus var. geniculatus | Mimulus marmoratus, M. whipplei |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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