FNA: Erythranthe geniculata vs. Erythranthe brachystylis

	Erythranthe geniculata	Erythranthe brachystylis
	bent-stem monkeyflower, Dudley's monkeyflower	short-pedicel monkeyflower
Habit	Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.	Annuals, fibrous-rooted, sometimes taprooted, apparently sometimes producing thin runners from basal nodes.
Stems	ascending to decumbent or prostrate, geniculate at nodes, simple or diffusely branched, 5–60 cm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular.	erect, simple or branched from proximal to medial nodes, 4-angled, filiform to slightly thickened, not distinctly fistulose, 6–22 cm, glabrous.
Leaves	basal and cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering; petiole 2–10(–35) mm; blade pinnately to subpinnately veined, broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate to triangular, 8–35 × 5–30 mm, base cuneate to rounded or subcordate, margins serrate or dentate, teeth 3–10 per side, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular, and 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular.	basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 1–8 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, ovate to depressed-ovate or suborbicular, 10–40 × 6–25 mm, base truncate to subcordate, margins undulate, subentire, or weakly, irregularly dentate, apex rounded, surfaces: proximals and medials glabrous, distals villous, hairs thin-walled, flattened, vitreous and sharp-pointed, eglandular.
Flowers	herkogamous, (1–)6–20, from all or medial to distal nodes.	plesiogamous, 4–10, from medial to distal nodes, cleistogamous.
Styles	glabrous.	glabrous.
Corollas	yellow, without white patches, throat red-spotted, spots concentrated or becoming coalescent into a somewhat discrete splotch at base of each of 3 abaxial lobes and sometimes 2 adaxial, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric, 9–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–18 mm diam.	yellow, without red markings, weakly bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or nearly regular; tube-throat narrowly cylindric, 7–9 mm, exserted 0–1 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 3 mm.
Fruiting pedicels	12–26(–55) mm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular.	5–10 mm in proximal axils, shorter than or equal to subtending leaves, 1–5 mm distally and flowers and fruits appearing sessile or subsessile, glabrous.
Fruiting calyces	red-spotted, campanulate-cylindric, weakly inflated, (5–)6–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely to moderately villous-glandular, ribs shallowly wing-angled, lobes pronounced, erect to spreading or spreading-recurving.	red-tinged to sparsely purple-dotted or not, broadly elliptic-ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 10–13 mm, minutely hirtellous, throat not or slightly closing.
Capsules	included, 4–6(–7) mm.	included, stipitate, 4–5 mm.
Anthers	included, glabrous.	included, glabrous.
2n	= 32.

	Erythranthe geniculata	Erythranthe brachystylis
Phenology	Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jul.	Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat	Granite crevices, canyon slopes, talus, crevices in volcanic outcrops, edges of boulders, roadsides, damp sandy soils, sandy water edges, gravelly soils and creek bottoms.	Around springs, steep slopes.
Elevation	200–900(–1200) m. (700–3000(–3900) ft.)	2100 m. (6900 ft.)
Distribution	CA [WildflowerSearch map]	NV
Discussion	Erythranthe geniculata is known from an apparently disjunct cluster of populations in Butte, Sutter, and Yuba counties and then from Tuolumne and Stanislaus counties south to Kern County. Erythranthe geniculata, compared to E. floribunda, has larger, chasmogamous, and allogamous flowers. The anther pairs of E. geniculata are at different levels, and the stigma is slightly above the adaxial anther pair; in E. floribunda both anther pairs and the stigma are at the same level. Erythranthe arenaria, E. geniculata, and E. norrisii constitute a group of apparently closely related species within sect. Mimulosma endemic along the Sierra Nevada. All have ovate-petiolate leaves (only the basal ones are sometimes ovate in E. arenaria) with pinnate to subpinnate venation. The more widespread E. floribunda, which is part of the above group, also is similar, but all three endemics have larger corollas with the tube exserted at greater length beyond the calyx margin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Erythranthe brachystylis is closely similar to E. arvensis. Plants of both are annual in duration and produce depressed-ovate leaves, the distal with vitreous-villous surfaces, and tiny corollas barely exserted from the calyx and probably cleistogamous. Vestiture of the distal leaves includes an admixture of eglandular sharp-pointed hairs, sometimes encountered in E. arvensis, though not typical, perhaps reflecting introgression from E. nasuta. The distinction of Erythranthe brachystylis from E. arvensis is primarily in its foreshortened pedicels and more inflated fruiting calyces. The fruiting calyces appear to be subsessile or on pedicels shorter or only equaling the subtending leaves. The difference is essentially qualitative but produces a distinctive aspect. Erythranthe brachystylis is known only from the type collection in Nye County, a region where E. arvensis has not been documented. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 404.	FNA vol. 17, p. 422.
Parent taxa	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms	Mimulus geniculatus, M. dudleyi, M. floribundus var. geniculatus	Mimulus brachystylis
Name authority	(Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012)	(Edwin) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012)
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe brachystylis

bent-stem monkeyflower, Dudley's monkeyflower

short-pedicel monkeyflower

Habit

Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.

Annuals, fibrous-rooted, sometimes taprooted, apparently sometimes producing thin runners from basal nodes.

Stems

ascending to decumbent or prostrate, geniculate at nodes, simple or diffusely branched, 5–60 cm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular.

erect, simple or branched from proximal to medial nodes, 4-angled, filiform to slightly thickened, not distinctly fistulose, 6–22 cm, glabrous.

Leaves

basal and cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering;

petiole 2–10(–35) mm;

blade pinnately to subpinnately veined, broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate to triangular, 8–35 × 5–30 mm, base cuneate to rounded or subcordate, margins serrate or dentate, teeth 3–10 per side, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular, and 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular.

basal and cauline;

petiole: proximals 1–8 mm, distals 0 mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, ovate to depressed-ovate or suborbicular, 10–40 × 6–25 mm, base truncate to subcordate, margins undulate, subentire, or weakly, irregularly dentate, apex rounded, surfaces: proximals and medials glabrous, distals villous, hairs thin-walled, flattened, vitreous and sharp-pointed, eglandular.

Flowers

herkogamous, (1–)6–20, from all or medial to distal nodes.

plesiogamous, 4–10, from medial to distal nodes, cleistogamous.

Styles

glabrous.

Corollas

yellow, without white patches, throat red-spotted, spots concentrated or becoming coalescent into a somewhat discrete splotch at base of each of 3 abaxial lobes and sometimes 2 adaxial, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate;

tube-throat cylindric, 9–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 10–18 mm diam.

yellow, without red markings, weakly bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or nearly regular;

tube-throat narrowly cylindric, 7–9 mm, exserted 0–1 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 3 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

12–26(–55) mm, moderately villous, hairs 0.8–2 mm, multicellular, eglandular and also 0.1–0.3 mm, stipitate-glandular.

5–10 mm in proximal axils, shorter than or equal to subtending leaves, 1–5 mm distally and flowers and fruits appearing sessile or subsessile, glabrous.

Fruiting calyces

red-spotted, campanulate-cylindric, weakly inflated, (5–)6–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely to moderately villous-glandular, ribs shallowly wing-angled, lobes pronounced, erect to spreading or spreading-recurving.

red-tinged to sparsely purple-dotted or not, broadly elliptic-ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 10–13 mm, minutely hirtellous, throat not or slightly closing.

Capsules

included, 4–6(–7) mm.

included, stipitate, 4–5 mm.

Anthers

included, glabrous.

= 32.

Erythranthe geniculata

Erythranthe brachystylis

Phenology

Flowering (Mar–)Apr–Jul.

Flowering Jun–Aug.

Habitat

Granite crevices, canyon slopes, talus, crevices in volcanic outcrops, edges of boulders, roadsides, damp sandy soils, sandy water edges, gravelly soils and creek bottoms.

Around springs, steep slopes.

Elevation

200–900(–1200) m. (700–3000(–3900) ft.)

2100 m. (6900 ft.)

Distribution

[WildflowerSearch map]

Discussion

Erythranthe geniculata is known from an apparently disjunct cluster of populations in Butte, Sutter, and Yuba counties and then from Tuolumne and Stanislaus counties south to Kern County.

Erythranthe geniculata, compared to E. floribunda, has larger, chasmogamous, and allogamous flowers. The anther pairs of E. geniculata are at different levels, and the stigma is slightly above the adaxial anther pair; in E. floribunda both anther pairs and the stigma are at the same level.

Erythranthe arenaria, E. geniculata, and E. norrisii constitute a group of apparently closely related species within sect. Mimulosma endemic along the Sierra Nevada. All have ovate-petiolate leaves (only the basal ones are sometimes ovate in E. arenaria) with pinnate to subpinnate venation. The more widespread E. floribunda, which is part of the above group, also is similar, but all three endemics have larger corollas with the tube exserted at greater length beyond the calyx margin.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe brachystylis is closely similar to E. arvensis. Plants of both are annual in duration and produce depressed-ovate leaves, the distal with vitreous-villous surfaces, and tiny corollas barely exserted from the calyx and probably cleistogamous. Vestiture of the distal leaves includes an admixture of eglandular sharp-pointed hairs, sometimes encountered in E. arvensis, though not typical, perhaps reflecting introgression from E. nasuta.

The distinction of Erythranthe brachystylis from E. arvensis is primarily in its foreshortened pedicels and more inflated fruiting calyces. The fruiting calyces appear to be subsessile or on pedicels shorter or only equaling the subtending leaves. The difference is essentially qualitative but produces a distinctive aspect.

Erythranthe brachystylis is known only from the type collection in Nye County, a region where E. arvensis has not been documented.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 404.

FNA vol. 17, p. 422.

Parent taxa

Phrymaceae > Erythranthe

Sibling taxa

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

Synonyms

Mimulus geniculatus, M. dudleyi, M. floribundus var. geniculatus

Mimulus brachystylis

Name authority

(Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012)

(Edwin) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America

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Erythranthe geniculata

Erythranthe brachystylis

Erythranthe geniculata

Erythranthe brachystylis