Erythranthe exigua |
Erythranthe verbenacea |
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eye strain monkeyflower, San Bernardino Mountains monkeyflower |
crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect, simple, sometimes branched near base, 2–10 cm, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade 1-veined, obovate-oblong to narrowly elliptic, ovate, or narrowly ovate, 3–6 mm, base rounded to truncate or cuneate, margins entire or shallowly dentate, apex rounded, surfaces minutely stipitate-glandular. |
cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, (1 or)2–6, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | light lavender to purple, abaxial lobe and palate ridges with yellow patches, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly funnelform-cylindric, 1.5–2.5 mm, exserted 0.5 mm beyond calyx margin; lobes spreading. |
crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | divergent-spreading, 15–20 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
45–90(–150) mm. |
Fruiting calyces | campanulate, 2–2.5 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular. |
Capsules | distinctly exserted, 3–4 mm. |
included, 15–22 mm. |
Stigmas | persistent in fruit. |
|
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º. |
2n | = 16. |
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Erythranthe exigua |
Erythranthe verbenacea |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Gentle slopes, along small streams, vernal creeks, pebble plains, openings in Jeffrey pine-juniper forests, runoff areas, vernal depressions, roadsides. | Stream edges and beds, flood plains, around seeps and springs, canyon bottoms, moist cliff crevices and ledges. |
Elevation | 1800–2400(–2600) m. (5900–7900(–8500) ft.) | 300–2600 m. (1000–8500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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AZ; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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Discussion | Plants of Erythranthe exigua are diminutive annuals with few nodes and greatly reduced leaves, corollas, and calyces, wide spreading pedicels, and lavender flowers with small but bilabiate limbs. The species is known only from the San Bernardino Mountains of San Bernardino County and in adjacent Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry. Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens. In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area. Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 406. | FNA vol. 17, p. 394. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus exiguus | Mimulus verbenaceus, M. cardinalis var. verbenaceus, M. lugens |
Name authority | (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 42. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) |
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