Erythranthe dentata |
Erythranthe thermalis |
|
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coast monkeyflower, coastal monkey-flower, tooth-leaf monkey-flower |
Yellowstone monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Annuals, taprooted, rarely with a basal, runnerlike stem. |
Stems | erect to erect-ascending, simple or few-branched, 15–40 cm, coarsely pilose to hirsute-pilose, glabrescent, internodes evident. |
erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 1.5–10(–15) cm, villous-glandular proximally, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular distally. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole (0–)2–12 mm, not winged, distally sometimes sessile, subclasping; blade pinnately veined, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-ovate, 25–75 mm, thick, base rounded to cuneate, margins coarsely dentate to serrate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces coarsely pilose to hirsute-pilose, glabrescent. |
basal and cauline, cauline 2–5 pairs; petiole: basal and proximal cauline 3–20 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, suborbicular to ovate, depressed-ovate, ovate-deltate, or reniform, 4–15(–20) × 4–20 mm, base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, margins evenly crenate-dentate to subentire, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–5, from distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 1–5(–9), usually at distal nodes, chasmogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow, palate and throat brown to reddish brown-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 15–26 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; throat open, palate villous, abaxial ridges low. |
yellow, red-dotted or not, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted 1–2 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 12–15 mm, throat open, palate villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | 12–25(–50) mm. |
7–12 mm, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular. |
Fruiting calyces | narrowly campanulate, not or weakly inflated, 9–14 mm, villous-hirsute on ribs. |
ovate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–11 mm, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular, throat closing, adaxial lobe longer than others. |
Capsules | included, 8–9 mm. |
included, 5–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, short villous-hirsute. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 28. |
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Erythranthe dentata |
Erythranthe thermalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Aug. |
Habitat | Stream banks. | Hot, shallow, quick-drying soils around thermal pools and vents. |
Elevation | 20–400 m. (100–1300 ft.) | 2200–2600 m. (7200–8500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC
|
WY |
Discussion | Erythranthe dentata is distinctive and rarely misidentified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe thermalis is endemic to Yellowstone National Park in northwestern Wyoming. The species is recognized by its annual duration (without rhizomes), reduced stature and leaf size, and short, but broad-limbed, corollas with autogamous fertilization. Typical E. guttata (rhizomatous, herkogamous) also grows in the immediately surrounding areas but apparently not in hot soils. Each species maintains distinctions in growth form, phenology and mating system in common garden experiments (Y. Lekberg et al. 2012). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 405. | FNA vol. 17, p. 413. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus dentatus | Mimulus thermalis |
Name authority | (Nuttall ex Bentham) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 41. (2012) | (A. Nelson) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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