Erythranthe dentata |
Erythranthe cinnabarina |
|
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coast monkeyflower, coastal monkey-flower, tooth-leaf monkey-flower |
Arizona big red monkeyflower |
|
Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Perennials, rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect to erect-ascending, simple or few-branched, 15–40 cm, coarsely pilose to hirsute-pilose, glabrescent, internodes evident. |
usually erect to ascending, freely branched, 25–60 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole (0–)2–12 mm, not winged, distally sometimes sessile, subclasping; blade pinnately veined, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-ovate, 25–75 mm, thick, base rounded to cuneate, margins coarsely dentate to serrate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces coarsely pilose to hirsute-pilose, glabrescent. |
usually cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or broadly lanceolate, 60–125 × 25–46 mm, base narrowly auriculate, clasping to subclasping, margins shallowly dentate, teeth sharp-pointed, apex acute, adaxial surface glabrous or minutely sessile- or stipitate-glandular along veins, lamina glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–5, from distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–4(–8), axillary at leafy distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, palate and throat brown to reddish brown-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 15–26 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; throat open, palate villous, abaxial ridges low. |
deep orange, dull orange, red-orange, or deep scarlet, throat yellow-orange, dark red stripes leading onto basal part of lobes, not spotted, palate ridges red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 29–36 mm, exserted 7–12 mm beyond calyx margin; throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous, hairs yellowish. |
Fruiting pedicels | 12–25(–50) mm. |
50–95 mm. |
Fruiting calyces | narrowly campanulate, not or weakly inflated, 9–14 mm, villous-hirsute on ribs. |
cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, (27–)29–34 mm, minutely stipitate- or sessile-glandular, lobes 7–10 mm, ovate, apex abruptly attenuate to linear-caudate. |
Capsules | included, 8–9 mm. |
included, 14–18 mm. |
Anthers | included, short villous-hirsute. |
exserted, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Erythranthe dentata |
Erythranthe cinnabarina |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Stream banks. | Canyons, ravines, streambeds and margins, riparian vegetation, mixed conifer forest. |
Elevation | 20–400 m. (100–1300 ft.) | 2100–3300 m. (6900–10800 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC
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AZ |
Discussion | Erythranthe dentata is distinctive and rarely misidentified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe cinnabarina is similar to typical E. cardinalis in its spreading anther thecae, relatively short-exserted corolla tube, and its reflexing corolla lobes but distinct in its generally larger leaves with reduced vestiture, fewer flowers, larger calyx and corolla, apically caudate calyx lobes, and its separate geographical range. Erythranthe cinnabarina occurs in Cochise County (Chiricahua Mountains), Graham County (Pinaleño Mountains), and Pima County (Santa Catalina Mountains). Erythranthe verbenacea, with which it sometimes has been confused, occurs at lower elevations (350–2600 m) and ranges over most of the state (Apache, Cochise, Coconino, Gila, Graham, La Paz, Maricopa, Mohave, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, and Yavapai counties). Erythranthe cinnabarina apparently occurs alone (without E. verbenacea) in the Pinaleño Mountains and in the Chiricahua Mountains, but both species have been abundantly documented in the Santa Catalina Mountains, where they sometimes closely co-occur in areas of elevational overlap (for example, at Marshall Gulch, about 2500 m; at Bear Wallow Campground, about 2600 m). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 405. | FNA vol. 17, p. 393. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus dentatus | |
Name authority | (Nuttall ex Bentham) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 41. (2012) | G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2014-31: 16, figs. 16, 17. (2014) |
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