Erythranthe decora |
Erythranthe marmorata |
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mannered monkeyflower, northwestern monkey -flower, sharp-leaf monkey-flower, showy monkey-flower |
Stanislaus monkeyflower, Whipple's monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes producing numerous, long, remotely leafy runners from basal cauline nodes. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | erect, simple, 20–100 cm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous. |
erect, simple or branched from base, 7–28 cm, usually moderately to densely villous-glandular, without eglandular hairs. |
Leaves | cauline, basal usually not persistent; petiole: proximals 8–25 mm, midcauline 3–5 mm, distalmost 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5–7-veined, broadly ovate-triangular to ovate-lanceolate, 20–50(–60) × 10–30(–40) mm, usually 1–2 times longer than wide, base rounded to truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins dentate, teeth sharp-pointed, apex acute, surfaces sometimes glabrate, distals densely, minutely hirtellous. |
usually cauline or basal persistent; petiole: proximals to medials 7–15 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5-veined, ovate or broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate or depressed-ovate, (10–)15–30 × 6–15 mm, base truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins shallowly to coarsely dentate, apex acute, surfaces usually moderately to densely villous-glandular, without eglandular hairs. |
Flowers | herkogamous, (1 or)2–7(–14), from distal nodes. |
herkogamous, (1–)2–6, axillary from middle to distal nodes, chasmogamous. |
Styles | minutely, prominently hirsutulous to villosulous. |
glabrous or sparsely hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow to chrome yellow, throat floor and tube usually red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform, 18–26 mm, exserted (8–)10–15 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 22–30 mm. |
yellow, throat red-spotted, abaxial limb base with a large red splotch, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly cylindric-funnelform, 10–12 mm, exserted 4–5 mm beyond calyx margin; limb abruptly expanded 14–20 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | 18–35(–40) mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, hairs often slightly deflexed. |
15–45 mm, usually moderately to densely villous-glandular, without eglandular hairs. |
Fruiting calyces | green, sometimes red-spotted, ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 15–19 mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, throat closing, lobe margins (sinuses) villous. |
sharply nodding, usually densely purple-spotted, broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 9–12 mm, densely hirtellous, sometimes sparsely stipitate-glandular, densely villous at sinuses, throat closing, adaxial lobe ca. 2 times length of others. |
Capsules | included, 8–10 mm. |
included, 6–9 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe decora |
Erythranthe marmorata |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | River banks, streamsides, dripping banks, moist meadows. | Habitat unknown, not over serpentine. |
Elevation | 1000–1600 m. (3300–5200 ft.) | 100–900 m. (300–3000 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; OR; WA; BC
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CA |
Discussion | Erythranthe decora is distinct in its uniformly ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaf blades with truncate bases and regularly toothed margins, relatively long internodes, rhizomatous habit, mostly unbranched stems, often with leafy runners from basal nodes, large corollas, hairy styles, and minutely hirtellous stems, pedicels, calyces, and leaf surfaces. The densely produced rhizomes suggest a relationship with the E. tilingii group. A population in Clearwater County, Idaho, appears to be long-disjunct from the main range of the species in northwestern Oregon and the western half of Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe marmorata is recognized by its erect, taprooted habit and annual duration, villous-glandular vestiture, ovate-petiolate leaves, flowers from middle to distal nodes, long, narrow corolla tube-throat abruptly flaring into a broad limb, abaxial middle corolla lobe with a large red splotch, and fruiting calyces dark-spotted and sharply nodding. The species is known from foothills in Calaveras, Stanislaus, and Tuolumne counties in the Stanislaus River drainage and from Amador County in the Mokelumne River drainage. A collection from Fresno County appears to be somewhat disjunct from the main range, and the plants are more densely villous than characteristic elsewhere, but their identification as E. marmorata otherwise seems secure. Erythranthe marmorata (previously identified as Mimulus whipplei) had been considered extremely rare or even perhaps extinct. See G. L. Nesom (2013d) for citations of recent collections. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 414. | FNA vol. 17, p. 416. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus guttatus var. decorus, M. decorus | Mimulus marmoratus, M. whipplei |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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