FNA: Erythranthe decora vs. Erythranthe gemmipara

	Erythranthe decora	Erythranthe gemmipara
	mannered monkeyflower, northwestern monkey -flower, sharp-leaf monkey-flower, showy monkey-flower	Rocky Mountain or petiole-purse monkeyflower
Habit	Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes producing numerous, long, remotely leafy runners from basal cauline nodes.	Annuals, taprooted.
Stems	erect, simple, 20–100 cm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous.	erect, straight at nodes, simple, 1–10 cm, glabrous.
Leaves	cauline, basal usually not persistent; petiole: proximals 8–25 mm, midcauline 3–5 mm, distalmost 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5–7-veined, broadly ovate-triangular to ovate-lanceolate, 20–50(–60) × 10–30(–40) mm, usually 1–2 times longer than wide, base rounded to truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins dentate, teeth sharp-pointed, apex acute, surfaces sometimes glabrate, distals densely, minutely hirtellous.	cauline; petiole 2–3 mm, laterally compressed, base deeply saccate, usually containing a lenticular propagule; blade emerging from bulbils, palmately veined, elliptic-ovate to ovate, 2–8(–10) × 2–5(–7) mm, base truncate to shallowly cordate, margins entire or remotely denticulate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous.
Flowers	herkogamous, (1 or)2–7(–14), from distal nodes.	herkogamous, (1 or)2–12, from medial or medial to distal nodes.
Styles	minutely, prominently hirsutulous to villosulous.	glabrous.
Corollas	yellow to chrome yellow, throat floor and tube usually red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform, 18–26 mm, exserted (8–)10–15 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 22–30 mm.	yellow, palate yellow, not spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat broadly cylindric-funnelform, 3–4 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes subequal, oblong-obovate, throat open, palate puberulent, abaxial ridges low.
Fruiting pedicels	18–35(–40) mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, hairs often slightly deflexed.	4–6 mm, slightly longer than calyx, glabrous.
Fruiting calyces	green, sometimes red-spotted, ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 15–19 mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, throat closing, lobe margins (sinuses) villous.	strongly angled, subcampanulate, weakly inflated, 3–4 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, lobes pronounced, erect, incurved-triangular.
Capsules	included, 8–10 mm.	unknown.
Anthers	included, glabrous.	included, glabrous.
2n		= 16.

	Erythranthe decora	Erythranthe gemmipara
Phenology	Flowering May–Aug.	Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep).
Habitat	River banks, streamsides, dripping banks, moist meadows.	Granitic seeps, thin soils over bedrock cliff bases, crevices, ledges, talus, among rocks and boulders, Douglas fir, spruce-fir, and aspen forests.
Elevation	1000–1600 m. (3300–5200 ft.)	2600–3700 m. (8500–12100 ft.)
Distribution	ID; OR; WA; BC [WildflowerSearch map]	CO
Discussion	Erythranthe decora is distinct in its uniformly ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaf blades with truncate bases and regularly toothed margins, relatively long internodes, rhizomatous habit, mostly unbranched stems, often with leafy runners from basal nodes, large corollas, hairy styles, and minutely hirtellous stems, pedicels, calyces, and leaf surfaces. The densely produced rhizomes suggest a relationship with the E. tilingii group. A population in Clearwater County, Idaho, appears to be long-disjunct from the main range of the species in northwestern Oregon and the western half of Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Erythranthe gemmipara is known only from Grand, Jefferson, Larimer, and Park counties in north-central Colorado. Flowers in this species are uncommon, and seed set has not been observed in natural populations; reproduction in nature appears to be solely asexual via overwintering propagules (bulbils) formed in leaf axils. Two meristems are initiated in each axil. The proximal meristem produces a pair of starch-thickened storage leaves, a rudimentary axis, and a distal pair of preformed leaf primordia that enclose the shoot apical meristem. Root primordia are present within the first node of the bulbil. The petiole of the subtending leaf expands laterally and folds adaxially to enclose the developing bulbil, and entangled trichomes along the petiole margins secure it following leaf abscission and dispersal. The leaf blades commonly are deciduous, leaving the bulbil still attached (M. R. Beardsley 1997). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 17, p. 414.	FNA vol. 17, p. 395.
Parent taxa	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe	Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii	E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms	Mimulus guttatus var. decorus, M. decorus	Mimulus gemmiparus
Name authority	(A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012)	(W. A. Weber) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012)
Web links	Local floras: BC, OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe gemmipara

mannered monkeyflower, northwestern monkey -flower, sharp-leaf monkey-flower, showy monkey-flower

Rocky Mountain or petiole-purse monkeyflower

Habit

Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes producing numerous, long, remotely leafy runners from basal cauline nodes.

Annuals, taprooted.

Stems

erect, simple, 20–100 cm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous.

erect, straight at nodes, simple, 1–10 cm, glabrous.

Leaves

cauline, basal usually not persistent;

petiole: proximals 8–25 mm, midcauline 3–5 mm, distalmost 0 mm;

blade palmately (3–)5–7-veined, broadly ovate-triangular to ovate-lanceolate, 20–50(–60) × 10–30(–40) mm, usually 1–2 times longer than wide, base rounded to truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins dentate, teeth sharp-pointed, apex acute, surfaces sometimes glabrate, distals densely, minutely hirtellous.

cauline;

petiole 2–3 mm, laterally compressed, base deeply saccate, usually containing a lenticular propagule;

blade emerging from bulbils, palmately veined, elliptic-ovate to ovate, 2–8(–10) × 2–5(–7) mm, base truncate to shallowly cordate, margins entire or remotely denticulate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous.

Flowers

herkogamous, (1 or)2–7(–14), from distal nodes.

herkogamous, (1 or)2–12, from medial or medial to distal nodes.

Styles

minutely, prominently hirsutulous to villosulous.

glabrous.

Corollas

yellow to chrome yellow, throat floor and tube usually red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate;

tube-throat broadly funnelform, 18–26 mm, exserted (8–)10–15 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 22–30 mm.

yellow, palate yellow, not spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate;

tube-throat broadly cylindric-funnelform, 3–4 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

lobes subequal, oblong-obovate, throat open, palate puberulent, abaxial ridges low.

Fruiting pedicels

18–35(–40) mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, hairs often slightly deflexed.

4–6 mm, slightly longer than calyx, glabrous.

Fruiting calyces

green, sometimes red-spotted, ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 15–19 mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, throat closing, lobe margins (sinuses) villous.

strongly angled, subcampanulate, weakly inflated, 3–4 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous, lobes pronounced, erect, incurved-triangular.

Capsules

included, 8–10 mm.

unknown.

Anthers

included, glabrous.

= 16.

Erythranthe decora

Erythranthe gemmipara

Phenology

Flowering May–Aug.

Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep).

Habitat

River banks, streamsides, dripping banks, moist meadows.

Granitic seeps, thin soils over bedrock cliff bases, crevices, ledges, talus, among rocks and boulders, Douglas fir, spruce-fir, and aspen forests.

Elevation

1000–1600 m. (3300–5200 ft.)

2600–3700 m. (8500–12100 ft.)

Distribution

ID; OR; WA; BC

[WildflowerSearch map]

Discussion

Erythranthe decora is distinct in its uniformly ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaf blades with truncate bases and regularly toothed margins, relatively long internodes, rhizomatous habit, mostly unbranched stems, often with leafy runners from basal nodes, large corollas, hairy styles, and minutely hirtellous stems, pedicels, calyces, and leaf surfaces. The densely produced rhizomes suggest a relationship with the E. tilingii group. A population in Clearwater County, Idaho, appears to be long-disjunct from the main range of the species in northwestern Oregon and the western half of Washington.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe gemmipara is known only from Grand, Jefferson, Larimer, and Park counties in north-central Colorado. Flowers in this species are uncommon, and seed set has not been observed in natural populations; reproduction in nature appears to be solely asexual via overwintering propagules (bulbils) formed in leaf axils. Two meristems are initiated in each axil. The proximal meristem produces a pair of starch-thickened storage leaves, a rudimentary axis, and a distal pair of preformed leaf primordia that enclose the shoot apical meristem. Root primordia are present within the first node of the bulbil. The petiole of the subtending leaf expands laterally and folds adaxially to enclose the developing bulbil, and entangled trichomes along the petiole margins secure it following leaf abscission and dispersal. The leaf blades commonly are deciduous, leaving the bulbil still attached (M. R. Beardsley 1997).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 17, p. 414.

FNA vol. 17, p. 395.

Parent taxa

Phrymaceae > Erythranthe

Sibling taxa

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii

Synonyms

Mimulus guttatus var. decorus, M. decorus

Mimulus gemmiparus

Name authority

(A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012)

(W. A. Weber) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America, OregonFlora, UW Burke Herbarium

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Erythranthe decora

Erythranthe gemmipara

Erythranthe decora

Erythranthe gemmipara