Erythranthe decora |
Erythranthe cinnabarina |
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mannered monkeyflower, northwestern monkey -flower, sharp-leaf monkey-flower, showy monkey-flower |
Arizona big red monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes producing numerous, long, remotely leafy runners from basal cauline nodes. | Perennials, rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect, simple, 20–100 cm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous. |
usually erect to ascending, freely branched, 25–60 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline, basal usually not persistent; petiole: proximals 8–25 mm, midcauline 3–5 mm, distalmost 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5–7-veined, broadly ovate-triangular to ovate-lanceolate, 20–50(–60) × 10–30(–40) mm, usually 1–2 times longer than wide, base rounded to truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins dentate, teeth sharp-pointed, apex acute, surfaces sometimes glabrate, distals densely, minutely hirtellous. |
usually cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or broadly lanceolate, 60–125 × 25–46 mm, base narrowly auriculate, clasping to subclasping, margins shallowly dentate, teeth sharp-pointed, apex acute, adaxial surface glabrous or minutely sessile- or stipitate-glandular along veins, lamina glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, (1 or)2–7(–14), from distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–4(–8), axillary at leafy distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely, prominently hirsutulous to villosulous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow to chrome yellow, throat floor and tube usually red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform, 18–26 mm, exserted (8–)10–15 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 22–30 mm. |
deep orange, dull orange, red-orange, or deep scarlet, throat yellow-orange, dark red stripes leading onto basal part of lobes, not spotted, palate ridges red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 29–36 mm, exserted 7–12 mm beyond calyx margin; throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous, hairs yellowish. |
Fruiting pedicels | 18–35(–40) mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, hairs often slightly deflexed. |
50–95 mm. |
Fruiting calyces | green, sometimes red-spotted, ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 15–19 mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, throat closing, lobe margins (sinuses) villous. |
cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, (27–)29–34 mm, minutely stipitate- or sessile-glandular, lobes 7–10 mm, ovate, apex abruptly attenuate to linear-caudate. |
Capsules | included, 8–10 mm. |
included, 14–18 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
exserted, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
2n | = 16. |
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Erythranthe decora |
Erythranthe cinnabarina |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Jun–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | River banks, streamsides, dripping banks, moist meadows. | Canyons, ravines, streambeds and margins, riparian vegetation, mixed conifer forest. |
Elevation | 1000–1600 m. (3300–5200 ft.) | 2100–3300 m. (6900–10800 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; OR; WA; BC
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AZ |
Discussion | Erythranthe decora is distinct in its uniformly ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaf blades with truncate bases and regularly toothed margins, relatively long internodes, rhizomatous habit, mostly unbranched stems, often with leafy runners from basal nodes, large corollas, hairy styles, and minutely hirtellous stems, pedicels, calyces, and leaf surfaces. The densely produced rhizomes suggest a relationship with the E. tilingii group. A population in Clearwater County, Idaho, appears to be long-disjunct from the main range of the species in northwestern Oregon and the western half of Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe cinnabarina is similar to typical E. cardinalis in its spreading anther thecae, relatively short-exserted corolla tube, and its reflexing corolla lobes but distinct in its generally larger leaves with reduced vestiture, fewer flowers, larger calyx and corolla, apically caudate calyx lobes, and its separate geographical range. Erythranthe cinnabarina occurs in Cochise County (Chiricahua Mountains), Graham County (Pinaleño Mountains), and Pima County (Santa Catalina Mountains). Erythranthe verbenacea, with which it sometimes has been confused, occurs at lower elevations (350–2600 m) and ranges over most of the state (Apache, Cochise, Coconino, Gila, Graham, La Paz, Maricopa, Mohave, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, and Yavapai counties). Erythranthe cinnabarina apparently occurs alone (without E. verbenacea) in the Pinaleño Mountains and in the Chiricahua Mountains, but both species have been abundantly documented in the Santa Catalina Mountains, where they sometimes closely co-occur in areas of elevational overlap (for example, at Marshall Gulch, about 2500 m; at Bear Wallow Campground, about 2600 m). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 414. | FNA vol. 17, p. 393. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus guttatus var. decorus, M. decorus | |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2014-31: 16, figs. 16, 17. (2014) |
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