Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe montioides |
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large mountain monkey-flower, mountain monkeyflower, Olympic monkeyflower, subalpine monkeyflower |
montia-like monkeyflower, mountain monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes, sometimes producing creeping, small-leaved runners, forming matted colonies, rhizomes filiform. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | procumbent or decumbent to decumbent-ascending, delicate, usually in masses, terete or flattish, branched, 3–10 cm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular. |
erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 2–15 cm, glabrous or minutely puberulent, internodes elongate, distinct. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 2–5 mm, distals 0 mm; blade often purple beneath, palmately 3-veined, orbicular to narrowly elliptic or ovate, proximals usually sublyrate, 3–12 mm, becoming larger distally, base cuneate to a short petiole, margins entire, mucronulate, or barely denticulate, apex obtuse, surfaces sparsely to moderately puberulent, hairs minute, stipitate-glandular. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), linear to lanceolate, (3–)4–25 × 0.5–2 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces glabrous or minutely puberulent. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–3, from distal nodes, commonly solitary. |
herkogamous, 1–6, from medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely hirtellous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, dark red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform to cylindric-funnelform, 15–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb with deflexed-spreading lobes, adaxial with ascending lobes, palate partially closed. |
yellow, abaxial limb red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to funnelform, 6–10 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 5–12 mm, lateral lobes entire or shallowly notched, palate glabrous or sparsely bearded. |
Fruiting pedicels | 10–30(–40) mm, sparsely to moderately villous, hairs short, gland-tipped, sometimes hirtellous. |
(4–)5–20 mm. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–15 mm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular, throat closing, proximalmost lobe pair upcurving, distalmost 3–5 mm, prominently protruding. |
becoming straw colored, campanulate, 5–7 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, ciliate, glabrous or minutely puberulent, ribs weak, lobes pronounced, erect. |
Capsules | included, 4–5 mm. |
included, 5–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe montioides |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Alpine meadows and slopes, stream banks, wet rocks in streams, wet crevices, talus. | Sandy opening in mixed coniferous and lodgepole forests. |
Elevation | 1100–2000(–2300) m. (3600–6600(–7500) ft.) | 1900–2900 m. (6200–9500 ft.) |
Distribution |
WA; BC
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CA
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Discussion | Erythranthe caespitosa is endemic to northwestern and central Washington (Cascade and Olympic mountains) and adjacent British Columbia (Cascades, Selkirk Mountains and Chilliwack Valley, Coast Mountains). The plants have consistently small leaves with subentire margins, and the stems are consistently procumbent to decumbent-ascending, usually forming matted colonies. Erythranthe caespitosa and E. tilingii appear to be sympatric in counties of northwestern Washington, but this needs to be verified in the field. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe montioides has been previously treated as a highly polymorphic species with a relatively broad geographic range but is now recognized as narrowly endemic to Fresno and north-central Tulare counties. The following species were segregated from E. montioides: E. barbata, E. calcicola, E. carsonensis, and E. discolor. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 409. | FNA vol. 17, p. 385. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus scouleri var. caespitosus, M. caespitosus, M. tilingii var. caespitosus | Mimulus montioides |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | (A. Gray) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) |
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