Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe filicifolia |
|
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large mountain monkey-flower, mountain monkeyflower, Olympic monkeyflower, subalpine monkeyflower |
fern-leaf monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes, sometimes producing creeping, small-leaved runners, forming matted colonies, rhizomes filiform. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted. |
Stems | procumbent or decumbent to decumbent-ascending, delicate, usually in masses, terete or flattish, branched, 3–10 cm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular. |
erect or slightly ascending from base, sometimes purplish, simple or few-branched from proximal nodes, 3–38 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 2–5 mm, distals 0 mm; blade often purple beneath, palmately 3-veined, orbicular to narrowly elliptic or ovate, proximals usually sublyrate, 3–12 mm, becoming larger distally, base cuneate to a short petiole, margins entire, mucronulate, or barely denticulate, apex obtuse, surfaces sparsely to moderately puberulent, hairs minute, stipitate-glandular. |
basal and cauline; petiole (proximal and proximal to mid cauline), distal bracteate or absent, ovate, margins entire; blade: divisions 1-veined, oblong-lanceolate to ovate in outline, 3–68 mm, slightly thickened, base (at proximalmost division) truncate, margins (of divisions) entire, bipinnately dissected, ca. 5–12(–15) primary divisions on each side, ultimate division nearly linear, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–3, from distal nodes, commonly solitary. |
plesiogamous, 4–10(–12), on foreshortened distal nodes, usually clustered, chasmogamous, sometimes cleistogamous. |
Styles | minutely hirtellous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, dark red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform to cylindric-funnelform, 15–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb with deflexed-spreading lobes, adaxial with ascending lobes, palate partially closed. |
yellow, proximal lip sometimes red-splotched, palate ridges yellow, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 4–8 mm, exserted 0–2 mm beyond calyx margin or not; palate ridges densely villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | 10–30(–40) mm, sparsely to moderately villous, hairs short, gland-tipped, sometimes hirtellous. |
6–14 mm, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–15 mm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular, throat closing, proximalmost lobe pair upcurving, distalmost 3–5 mm, prominently protruding. |
urceolate to urceolate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–11 mm, glabrous, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 4–5 mm. |
included, 3–8 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe filicifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Sep). |
Habitat | Alpine meadows and slopes, stream banks, wet rocks in streams, wet crevices, talus. | Slow-draining, ephemeral seeps on exfoliating granite slabs, over basalt. |
Elevation | 1100–2000(–2300) m. (3600–6600(–7500) ft.) | 300–1600 m. (1000–5200 ft.) |
Distribution |
WA; BC
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CA |
Discussion | Erythranthe caespitosa is endemic to northwestern and central Washington (Cascade and Olympic mountains) and adjacent British Columbia (Cascades, Selkirk Mountains and Chilliwack Valley, Coast Mountains). The plants have consistently small leaves with subentire margins, and the stems are consistently procumbent to decumbent-ascending, usually forming matted colonies. Erythranthe caespitosa and E. tilingii appear to be sympatric in counties of northwestern Washington, but this needs to be verified in the field. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe filicifolia is known only from localities in Butte and Plumas counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 409. | FNA vol. 17, p. 418. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus scouleri var. caespitosus, M. caespitosus, M. tilingii var. caespitosus | Mimulus filicifolius |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | (Sexton: K. G. Ferris & Schoenig) G. L. Nesom, Phytoneuron 2013-80: 1. (2013) |
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