Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe decora |
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large mountain monkey-flower, mountain monkeyflower, Olympic monkeyflower, subalpine monkeyflower |
mannered monkeyflower, northwestern monkey -flower, sharp-leaf monkey-flower, showy monkey-flower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes, sometimes producing creeping, small-leaved runners, forming matted colonies, rhizomes filiform. | Perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes producing numerous, long, remotely leafy runners from basal cauline nodes. |
Stems | procumbent or decumbent to decumbent-ascending, delicate, usually in masses, terete or flattish, branched, 3–10 cm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular. |
erect, simple, 20–100 cm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 2–5 mm, distals 0 mm; blade often purple beneath, palmately 3-veined, orbicular to narrowly elliptic or ovate, proximals usually sublyrate, 3–12 mm, becoming larger distally, base cuneate to a short petiole, margins entire, mucronulate, or barely denticulate, apex obtuse, surfaces sparsely to moderately puberulent, hairs minute, stipitate-glandular. |
cauline, basal usually not persistent; petiole: proximals 8–25 mm, midcauline 3–5 mm, distalmost 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5–7-veined, broadly ovate-triangular to ovate-lanceolate, 20–50(–60) × 10–30(–40) mm, usually 1–2 times longer than wide, base rounded to truncate to shallowly cuneate, margins dentate, teeth sharp-pointed, apex acute, surfaces sometimes glabrate, distals densely, minutely hirtellous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–3, from distal nodes, commonly solitary. |
herkogamous, (1 or)2–7(–14), from distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely hirtellous. |
minutely, prominently hirsutulous to villosulous. |
Corollas | yellow, dark red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform to cylindric-funnelform, 15–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb with deflexed-spreading lobes, adaxial with ascending lobes, palate partially closed. |
yellow to chrome yellow, throat floor and tube usually red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform, 18–26 mm, exserted (8–)10–15 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 22–30 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | 10–30(–40) mm, sparsely to moderately villous, hairs short, gland-tipped, sometimes hirtellous. |
18–35(–40) mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, hairs often slightly deflexed. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–15 mm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular, throat closing, proximalmost lobe pair upcurving, distalmost 3–5 mm, prominently protruding. |
green, sometimes red-spotted, ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 15–19 mm, distals densely, minutely hirtellous, throat closing, lobe margins (sinuses) villous. |
Capsules | included, 4–5 mm. |
included, 8–10 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe decora |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Alpine meadows and slopes, stream banks, wet rocks in streams, wet crevices, talus. | River banks, streamsides, dripping banks, moist meadows. |
Elevation | 1100–2000(–2300) m. (3600–6600(–7500) ft.) | 1000–1600 m. (3300–5200 ft.) |
Distribution |
WA; BC
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ID; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Erythranthe caespitosa is endemic to northwestern and central Washington (Cascade and Olympic mountains) and adjacent British Columbia (Cascades, Selkirk Mountains and Chilliwack Valley, Coast Mountains). The plants have consistently small leaves with subentire margins, and the stems are consistently procumbent to decumbent-ascending, usually forming matted colonies. Erythranthe caespitosa and E. tilingii appear to be sympatric in counties of northwestern Washington, but this needs to be verified in the field. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe decora is distinct in its uniformly ovate to ovate-lanceolate leaf blades with truncate bases and regularly toothed margins, relatively long internodes, rhizomatous habit, mostly unbranched stems, often with leafy runners from basal nodes, large corollas, hairy styles, and minutely hirtellous stems, pedicels, calyces, and leaf surfaces. The densely produced rhizomes suggest a relationship with the E. tilingii group. A population in Clearwater County, Idaho, appears to be long-disjunct from the main range of the species in northwestern Oregon and the western half of Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 409. | FNA vol. 17, p. 414. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus scouleri var. caespitosus, M. caespitosus, M. tilingii var. caespitosus | Mimulus guttatus var. decorus, M. decorus |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | (A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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