Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe calcicola |
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large mountain monkey-flower, mountain monkeyflower, Olympic monkeyflower, subalpine monkeyflower |
limestone monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes, sometimes producing creeping, small-leaved runners, forming matted colonies, rhizomes filiform. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | procumbent or decumbent to decumbent-ascending, delicate, usually in masses, terete or flattish, branched, 3–10 cm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular. |
erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 2–10(–15) cm, sparsely glandular-pubescent, internodes elongate, distinct. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 2–5 mm, distals 0 mm; blade often purple beneath, palmately 3-veined, orbicular to narrowly elliptic or ovate, proximals usually sublyrate, 3–12 mm, becoming larger distally, base cuneate to a short petiole, margins entire, mucronulate, or barely denticulate, apex obtuse, surfaces sparsely to moderately puberulent, hairs minute, stipitate-glandular. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0–1 mm; blade palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), lanceolate to ovate, 3–25 × 2–8(–10) mm, base attenuate, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces sparsely glandular-pubescent. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–3, from distal nodes, commonly solitary. |
herkogamous, sometimes plesiogamous, 1–16, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely hirtellous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, dark red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform to cylindric-funnelform, 15–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb with deflexed-spreading lobes, adaxial with ascending lobes, palate partially closed. |
yellow or white and throat yellow, throat and limb red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric, 6–13 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 3–7(–9) mm, lobes notched, abaxial limb sparsely bearded or glabrous. |
Fruiting pedicels | 10–30(–40) mm, sparsely to moderately villous, hairs short, gland-tipped, sometimes hirtellous. |
(3–)5–20 mm. |
Fruiting calyces | broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–15 mm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular, throat closing, proximalmost lobe pair upcurving, distalmost 3–5 mm, prominently protruding. |
campanulate to widely cylindric, 5–7 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely glandular-pubescent, ribs strongly angled, lobes pronounced, erect. |
Capsules | included, 4–5 mm. |
included, 4–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
Erythranthe calcicola |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Alpine meadows and slopes, stream banks, wet rocks in streams, wet crevices, talus. | Creosote bush and Joshua tree woodlands, usually on carbonate substrate, primarily on talus slopes. |
Elevation | 1100–2000(–2300) m. (3600–6600(–7500) ft.) | 900–2200 m. (3000–7200 ft.) |
Distribution |
WA; BC
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CA; NV |
Discussion | Erythranthe caespitosa is endemic to northwestern and central Washington (Cascade and Olympic mountains) and adjacent British Columbia (Cascades, Selkirk Mountains and Chilliwack Valley, Coast Mountains). The plants have consistently small leaves with subentire margins, and the stems are consistently procumbent to decumbent-ascending, usually forming matted colonies. Erythranthe caespitosa and E. tilingii appear to be sympatric in counties of northwestern Washington, but this needs to be verified in the field. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe calcicola was previously included in the broader concept of E. montioides; the former can be distinguished by its glandular herbage, broader lanceolate to ovate leaves, strongly angled calyces, and smaller flowers. The species is restricted to the northern Mojave Desert and southwestern Great Basin and occurs primarily on talus slopes on substrates derived from carbonate rock. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 409. | FNA vol. 17, p. 383. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus scouleri var. caespitosus, M. caespitosus, M. tilingii var. caespitosus | |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) | N. S. Fraga & D. A. York: Aliso 30: 54, figs. 12–16. (2012) |
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