Erythranthe breviflora |
Erythranthe michiganensis |
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short-flower monkey-flower |
Michigan monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, shallowly fibrous-rooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, usually producing numerous leafy stolons from basal nodes, rooting at distal nodes, sometimes forming mats. |
Stems | ascending, geniculate at nodes, branched at proximal and medial nodes, 4–15 cm, minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, sometimes minutely hirtellous, hairs sharp-pointed, eglandular. |
ascending-erect or basally decumbent, becoming erect in inflorescence, branched, 12–50(–70) cm, glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular. |
Leaves | usually cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering; petiole 1–3 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, narrowly ovate or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, largest 5–15 × 2–6 mm, relatively even-sized, or slightly reduced distally, base attenuate, margins entire, mucronulate, or denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, sometimes minutely hirtellous, hairs sharp-pointed, eglandular. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 1–5(–15) mm, mid stem and distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, broadly ovate to broadly ovate-elliptic or suborbicular, 8–30 mm, relatively even-sized or diminishing in size distally, bracteal reduced, slightly falcate, base truncate to cuneate, margins evenly or unevenly dentate-serrate to dentate, teeth 3–8 per side, apex usually rounded, surfaces glabrous or minutely hirtellous and stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, 10–20, from medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–14, mostly from distal nodes or medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, red-spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to narrowly funnelform, 3.5–5 mm, not exserted beyond calyx margin; limb barely widened, lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded. |
yellow, sometimes faintly red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-campanulate, 10–14 mm, exserted 5–8 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 10–15 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | straight, 5–11 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, sometimes minutely hirtellous, hairs sharp-pointed, eglandular. |
10–25 mm, villous-glandular to minutely villosulous-glandular. |
Fruiting calyces | winged, plicate-angled, campanulate becoming ovoid-ellipsoid to campanulate, distinctly inflated, 5–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely, minutely hirtellous, eglandular, sometimes sparsely sessile-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect. |
cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–10 mm, puberulous to softly hirtellous, mixed with longer, stipitate-glandular hairs, throat not closing, adaxial lobe 2 times longer than others, slightly upcurving. |
Capsules | included, 4–6 mm. |
unknown. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = (28)30. |
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Erythranthe breviflora |
Erythranthe michiganensis |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Aug(–Oct). |
Habitat | Stream and lake sides, gravel bars, springs, moist slopes, damp swales between dunes, along trails. | Cold calcareous springs, seeps, depressions, streams, alkaline shorelines at mouths of small drainages, steep moraine slopes, bluff bases, commonly in northern white cedar swamps. |
Elevation | 700–2300 m. (2300–7500 ft.) | 500–600 m. (1600–2000 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; BC
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MI |
Discussion | Based on data from allozyme and RAPD studies, morphology, and crossing studies, A. L. Posto and L. A. Prather (2003) raised Erythranthe [Mimulus] michiganensis to specific rank. The species is endemic to a small area in the Mackinac Straits and Grand Traverse regions of Michigan; it is known to be extant at 15 sites and apparently is extinct at three previously known sites. Plants of all but one of the populations are essentially pollen-sterile and reproduce through rhizomes. However, the didynamous stamens and stigma positioned above the adaxial anther pair, along with the relatively large corollas with broadly expanded limb, are reflective of an allogamous breeding system, which seems unusual in view of its apparent sterility. The narrow geographic distribution of E. michiganensis lies within the wider range of E. geyeri, and the two are known to co-occur at two sites, apparently without hybridization or morphologically intermediate individuals. Erythranthe michiganensis (as Mimulus michiganensis) is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 399. | FNA vol. 17, p. 407. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus breviflorus | Mimulus glabratus subsp. michiganensis, M. glabratus var. michiganensis, M. michiganensis |
Name authority | (Piper) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | (Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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