Erythranthe breviflora |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
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short-flower monkey-flower |
large mountain monkey-flower, mountain monkeyflower, Olympic monkeyflower, subalpine monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, shallowly fibrous-rooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, rooting at proximal nodes, sometimes producing creeping, small-leaved runners, forming matted colonies, rhizomes filiform. |
Stems | ascending, geniculate at nodes, branched at proximal and medial nodes, 4–15 cm, minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, sometimes minutely hirtellous, hairs sharp-pointed, eglandular. |
procumbent or decumbent to decumbent-ascending, delicate, usually in masses, terete or flattish, branched, 3–10 cm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular. |
Leaves | usually cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering; petiole 1–3 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, narrowly ovate or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, largest 5–15 × 2–6 mm, relatively even-sized, or slightly reduced distally, base attenuate, margins entire, mucronulate, or denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, sometimes minutely hirtellous, hairs sharp-pointed, eglandular. |
basal and cauline; petiole: proximals 2–5 mm, distals 0 mm; blade often purple beneath, palmately 3-veined, orbicular to narrowly elliptic or ovate, proximals usually sublyrate, 3–12 mm, becoming larger distally, base cuneate to a short petiole, margins entire, mucronulate, or barely denticulate, apex obtuse, surfaces sparsely to moderately puberulent, hairs minute, stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | plesiogamous, 10–20, from medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–3, from distal nodes, commonly solitary. |
Styles | glabrous. |
minutely hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow, red-spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to narrowly funnelform, 3.5–5 mm, not exserted beyond calyx margin; limb barely widened, lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded. |
yellow, dark red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform to cylindric-funnelform, 15–18 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb with deflexed-spreading lobes, adaxial with ascending lobes, palate partially closed. |
Fruiting pedicels | straight, 5–11 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, sometimes minutely hirtellous, hairs sharp-pointed, eglandular. |
10–30(–40) mm, sparsely to moderately villous, hairs short, gland-tipped, sometimes hirtellous. |
Fruiting calyces | winged, plicate-angled, campanulate becoming ovoid-ellipsoid to campanulate, distinctly inflated, 5–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely, minutely hirtellous, eglandular, sometimes sparsely sessile-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect. |
broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 7–15 mm, glabrous, minutely hirtellous, or stipitate-glandular, throat closing, proximalmost lobe pair upcurving, distalmost 3–5 mm, prominently protruding. |
Capsules | included, 4–6 mm. |
included, 4–5 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe breviflora |
Erythranthe caespitosa |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Stream and lake sides, gravel bars, springs, moist slopes, damp swales between dunes, along trails. | Alpine meadows and slopes, stream banks, wet rocks in streams, wet crevices, talus. |
Elevation | 700–2300 m. (2300–7500 ft.) | 1100–2000(–2300) m. (3600–6600(–7500) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; BC
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WA; BC
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Discussion | Erythranthe caespitosa is endemic to northwestern and central Washington (Cascade and Olympic mountains) and adjacent British Columbia (Cascades, Selkirk Mountains and Chilliwack Valley, Coast Mountains). The plants have consistently small leaves with subentire margins, and the stems are consistently procumbent to decumbent-ascending, usually forming matted colonies. Erythranthe caespitosa and E. tilingii appear to be sympatric in counties of northwestern Washington, but this needs to be verified in the field. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 399. | FNA vol. 17, p. 409. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus breviflorus | Mimulus scouleri var. caespitosus, M. caespitosus, M. tilingii var. caespitosus |
Name authority | (Piper) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) | (Greene) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012) |
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