Erythranthe bicolor |
Erythranthe percaulis |
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yellow and white monkeyflower |
serpentine canyon monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–30 cm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
erect or slightly ascending from base, often purplish, simple or few-branched from basal nodes, 7–28 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm or short-attenuate; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 10–30 × 2–6 mm at mid stem, base attenuate, margins entire or remotely shallowly dentate to mucronulate, teeth 1–4 per side, apex acute, surfaces densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
basal and cauline; petiole: basal and proximalmost cauline 5–10 mm or cauline 0 mm; blade often spreading at right angles to stem, purple, palmately 3–5-veined, narrowly ovate, rhombic-elliptic, ovate to lanceolate, or elliptic-lanceolate to ovate or oblong-ovate, 7–10 mm, cauline even-sized or slightly smaller distally, 4–10 mm, base truncate to attenuate, margins entire or proximals shallowly sinuate, serrations 2–4, shallow, apex rounded, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–8, from medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 8–12, usually on distal 2/3 of stem, not clustered, chasmogamous. |
Styles | minutely glandular. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, adaxial lip white, sometimes yellow, throat and abaxial limb red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb broadly expanded, lobes 2-fid, palate villous. |
yellow, throat floor with a few red dots, proximal middle lip base with a larger red splotch, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 4–6 mm, exserted 2–3 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 4–5 mm, palate ridges yellow, densely hairy. |
Fruiting pedicels | (5–)7–20(–30) mm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
15–35 mm, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | red-dotted, strongly angled, cylindric-campanulate, (5–)7–12 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped, ribs corky, lobes pronounced, spreading. |
sharply wing-angled, urceolate to urceolate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, (4–)5–6 mm, glabrous, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 4–6 mm. |
included, 3 mm. |
Anthers | included, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe bicolor |
Erythranthe percaulis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Moist banks, serpentine and granite outcrops, seepage areas, volcanic mudflows, open red clay exposures. | Soil pockets, crevices, and boulders on serpentine cliffs, slopes, and roadcuts. |
Elevation | (100–)400–1700(–2500) m. ((300–)1300–5600(–8200) ft.) | 2800 m. (9200 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA |
Discussion | Erythranthe bicolor ranges from Shasta and Trinity counties south to Tulare County; the identity of apparently disjunct populations in San Bernardino County needs to be reexamined. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe percaulis was described from only the type collection from Serpentine Canyon of the Feather River in Plumas County, but the type locality has recently been relocated and the population determined to comprise many thousands of individuals (S. Schoenig 2016). Plants are characterized by their completely glabrous vestiture, terete and mostly simple stems, small leaves on relatively widely spaced nodes, small calyces, and small, yellow corollas with herkogamous arrangement of stigma and anthers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 390. | FNA vol. 17, p. 418. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus bicolor | |
Name authority | (Hartweg ex Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) | G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2013-70: 1, figs. 1–5. (2013) |
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