Erythranthe bicolor |
Erythranthe minor |
|
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yellow and white monkeyflower |
Colorado monkeyflower |
|
Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, colonial, rhizomes forming a mass, branching, filiform. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–30 cm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
erect to erect-ascending, branched, 5–20 cm, densely minutely hirtellous and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous and gland-tipped hairs. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm or short-attenuate; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 10–30 × 2–6 mm at mid stem, base attenuate, margins entire or remotely shallowly dentate to mucronulate, teeth 1–4 per side, apex acute, surfaces densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
basal and cauline; petiole 0 mm or proximals 1–3 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate or lanceolate, 8–25 × 5–15 mm, base cuneate to truncate, margins shallowly dentate to denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–8, from medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–3, from distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely glandular. |
sparsely hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow, adaxial lip white, sometimes yellow, throat and abaxial limb red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb broadly expanded, lobes 2-fid, palate villous. |
yellow, not red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat tubular-funnelform, 9–11 mm, exserted 0–1(–2) mm beyond calyx margin. |
Fruiting pedicels | (5–)7–20(–30) mm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
10–20 mm, densely minutely hirtellous and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous and gland-tipped hairs. |
Fruiting calyces | red-dotted, strongly angled, cylindric-campanulate, (5–)7–12 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped, ribs corky, lobes pronounced, spreading. |
nodding 80–100º, not purple-dotted, cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 10–13 mm, densely minutely hirtellous and eglandular or with a mixture of hirtellous and gland-tipped hairs, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 4–6 mm. |
included, 5–8 mm. |
Anthers | included, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe bicolor |
Erythranthe minor |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jul–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Moist banks, serpentine and granite outcrops, seepage areas, volcanic mudflows, open red clay exposures. | Stream and lake edges, intermittent subalpine water courses, roadside ditches, subalpine to alpine. |
Elevation | (100–)400–1700(–2500) m. ((300–)1300–5600(–8200) ft.) | 3000–3700 m. (9800–12100 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CO; NM |
Discussion | Erythranthe bicolor ranges from Shasta and Trinity counties south to Tulare County; the identity of apparently disjunct populations in San Bernardino County needs to be reexamined. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The corollas of Erythranthe minor are shorter than those of typical E. tilingii, and the two species are allopatric. Corollas of E. tilingii rarely may be equally as short as those of E. minor but are produced in scattered localities on plants that are depauperate in other ways. The range of E. minor is primarily in Colorado apparently extending southward into the Wheeler Peak area of Taos County, New Mexico. Attribution of its range into the La Sal Mountains of east-central Utah has been based on misidentifications of E. guttata; the distinction between E. guttata and E. minor in Colorado also needs clarification. Mimulus luteus Linnaeus var. alpinus A. Gray (1863, the type from Colorado) is an illegitimate name for Erythranthe minor, preceded by M. luteus var. alpinus Lindley (1827). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 390. | FNA vol. 17, p. 409. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus bicolor | Mimulus minor, M. alpinus, M. langsdorffii var. alpinus, M. langsdorffii var. minor |
Name authority | (Hartweg ex Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) | (A. Nelson) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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