Erythranthe bicolor |
Erythranthe inflatula |
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yellow and white monkeyflower |
disappearing monkey-flower, ephemeral monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–30 cm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, simple or branched at proximal and medial nodes, 6–20(–25) cm, minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm or short-attenuate; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 10–30 × 2–6 mm at mid stem, base attenuate, margins entire or remotely shallowly dentate to mucronulate, teeth 1–4 per side, apex acute, surfaces densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
usually cauline, basal usually deciduous by flowering; petiole: proximals 1–3 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, narrowly ovate or narrowly lanceolate to elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, largest 8–18(–30) × (1–)3–7 mm, relatively even-sized, or slightly reduced distally, base attenuate to obtuse or rounded, margins entire, mucronulate, or denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–8, from medial to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 10–20, from medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | minutely glandular. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, adaxial lip white, sometimes yellow, throat and abaxial limb red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb broadly expanded, lobes 2-fid, palate villous. |
yellow to pale yellow, sparsely red-spotted or not, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric, 5–8 mm, exserted 1–3 mm beyond calyx margin; limb barely widened, lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded or mucronate. |
Fruiting pedicels | (5–)7–20(–30) mm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
straight, 7–18 mm, minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped. |
Fruiting calyces | red-dotted, strongly angled, cylindric-campanulate, (5–)7–12 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped, ribs corky, lobes pronounced, spreading. |
winged, plicate-angled, maturing ovoid-ellipsoid to campanulate or broadly urceolate, distinctly inflated, 7–11 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely, minutely hirtellous, eglandular, lobes pronounced, erect. |
Capsules | included, 4–6 mm. |
included, 5–9 mm. |
Anthers | included, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe bicolor |
Erythranthe inflatula |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Moist banks, serpentine and granite outcrops, seepage areas, volcanic mudflows, open red clay exposures. | Drying edges, banks, and beds of summer-dry watercourses, near drying edges of small lakes or impoundments, often among rocks and shoreline detritus, occasionally in moist protected areas beneath low shrubs. |
Elevation | (100–)400–1700(–2500) m. ((300–)1300–5600(–8200) ft.) | 1200–1700 m. (3900–5600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA; ID; NV; OR |
Discussion | Erythranthe bicolor ranges from Shasta and Trinity counties south to Tulare County; the identity of apparently disjunct populations in San Bernardino County needs to be reexamined. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
No natural occurrences of Erythranthe inflatula are known from Washington; the type collection from Klickitat County is from a cultivated plant. Morphological and molecular data (R. J. Meinke 1995; P. M. Beardsley et al. 2004) indicate that Erythranthe inflatula originated as a hybrid between E. breviflora and E. latidens. Its geography and biology suggest that it is reproductively stable. The putative parents are geographically and ecologically separated for most of their ranges, and the range of E. inflatula is considerably broader than the relatively small region where the parents are sympatric. In the region of sympatry, however, E. inflatula may be difficult to distinguish from one or both of its putative parents. G. L. Nesom (2012g) was not able to find morphology that would distinguish the recently described Mimulus evanescens from E. inflatula. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 390. | FNA vol. 17, p. 400. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus bicolor | Mimulus inflatulus, M. evanescens |
Name authority | (Hartweg ex Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) | (Suksdorf) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) |
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