Flora of North America species comparison

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Erythranthe arenaria

Erythranthe latidens

sand-loving monkeyflower

broad-tooth monkeyflower
Habit Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted.
Stems

erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, simple or branched, 5–20 cm, villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped.

ascending to ascending-erect, geniculate at nodes, usually many-branched from base, 3–10(–25) cm, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped.
Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiole 0 mm or proximals 1–3(–5) mm;

blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 5–12(–17) × 3–7 mm, base rounded to cuneate-attenuate, margins entire or sparsely dentate to serrate, apex acuminate to acute or obtuse, surfaces villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped.

basal and cauline, largest at base or near mid stem, sometimes unreduced in size up to distalmost nodes;

petiole 0 mm;

cauline blade palmately 3(–5)-veined, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 8–26(–35) mm, base abruptly cuneate to rounded, sometimes subauriculate, margins entire or barely mucronulate to shallowly dentate-mucronulate, teeth or mucronulae 1–3 per side, apex acute to rounded, surfaces short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped.
Flowers

herkogamous, 1–22, from proximal to distal nodes.

plesiogamous, (1–)3–12, from medial to distal nodes.
Styles

glabrous.

glabrous.
Corollas

yellow, abaxial limb red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, 9–12(–14) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded.

white to pinkish or flesh colored, rarely yellowish, throat and abaxial lobes red-spotted, nearly radially symmetric;

tube-throat cylindric, 5–6(–8) mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

limb barely widened, lobes broadly obovate, apex rounded.
Fruiting pedicels

divergent-arcuate, 10–23 mm, villous-glandular, hairs 0.2–0.8 mm, gland-tipped.

straight, 11–28 mm, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped.
Fruiting calyces

usually red-dotted, narrowly campanulate, not or weakly inflated, 5–7(–9) mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, villous-glandular, ribs angled, lobes pronounced, erect.

purplish, prominently 5-angled, tubular-campanulate or ovoid-ellipsoid, strongly inflated, 8–12 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, short stipitate-glandular or sessile-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm, gland-tipped, lobes pronounced, erect.
Capsules

included, 4–7 mm.

included, 6–7 mm.
Anthers

included, glabrous.

included, glabrous.
2n

= 32.

Erythranthe arenaria

Erythranthe latidens
Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Sandy flats, bars, gullies, washes, trails, roadcuts, seasonal creek beds and drainages, rocky slopes, seepy loam, ditches, lake edges, meadows, openings in pine-fir and pine-oak woodlands. Drained flats or slopes subject to vernal inundation, depressions in open fields, bare clay soils, vacant lots, roadsides.
Elevation (100–)500–2600(–2800) m. ((300–)1600–8500(–9200) ft.) 10–800 m. (0–2600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Erythranthe arenaria is known from a cluster of six counties of the central Sierra Nevada: Fresno, Madera, Mariposa, Merced, Tulare, and Tuolumne.

Most plants of Erythranthe arenaria have relatively even-sized cauline leaves, all sessile to proximally subsessile. Plants in the Yosemite area with persistent basal leaves that are short-petiolate, ovate with a cuneate base, and relatively larger than the more distal cauline ones, and possibly related to E. arenaria, have been named M. floribundus var. subulatus. These might be construed as showing the influence of E. geniculata, but that species occurs only at the lower range of elevation of E. arenaria, while plants referable to Mimulus floribundus var. subulatus occur at least to 2300 m and also have the erect habit characteristic of E. arenaria. These variants should be investigated, especially in the Yosemite area where they appear to be relatively common, with the possibility that they indeed represent a distinct entity.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The distinction between Erythranthe latidens and E. inflatula sometimes seems arbitrary, perhaps because of gene exchange where they are sympatric in northwestern California. Erythranthe latidens in Oregon is known only from southern Harney County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 403. FNA vol. 17, p. 400.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Erythranthe Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms Mimulus arenarius, M. floribundus var. subulatus, M. multiflorus, M. subulatus, M. trisulcatus Mimulus inconspicuus var. latidens, M. latidens
Name authority (A. L. Grant) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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